tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-27166087749977656872024-03-05T03:17:43.637-07:00Ms ChenEmpowering teachers to recognize their strength, influence, and success in the classroom.
Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.comBlogger34125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-72125557086015790562022-09-21T13:28:00.006-06:002022-09-21T13:37:08.010-06:00天气的幻灯片和音档结合的分享<p><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"> 给学生自己练习天气名称和对话用的幻灯片。大家有兴趣也可以使用。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">天气这个话题,我上课的习惯是天天说,不会单独成一个单元。因为学生每天来说一点,随着天气变化,这些贴身话题才能深深刻印在脑海里然后被使用。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">1. 可以点击这个<a href="https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/e/2PACX-1vS7ZQrIfY5UbGJo6g1VZLRyYKDTWNDB_UBqvg9gj7Eo579vexkoZYybxMSd0a62C6oLVUkO3XiwQF1g/pub?start=false&loop=false&delayms=3000" target="_blank">链接</a>播放。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">2. 如果想要下载更改成自己的<a href="https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ApTRu3LaN0HgLTY8tRxLwoNCddh5J-Yhbg9rTypydsU/copy" target="_blank">链接在此</a>。</span></p><p><br /></p>
<iframe allowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0" height="569" mozallowfullscreen="true" src="https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/e/2PACX-1vS7ZQrIfY5UbGJo6g1VZLRyYKDTWNDB_UBqvg9gj7Eo579vexkoZYybxMSd0a62C6oLVUkO3XiwQF1g/embed?start=true&loop=true&delayms=30000" webkitallowfullscreen="true" width="960"></iframe>Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com085C5HG42+M238.5566322 -116.499953710.058633091732684 -151.6562037 67.054631308267318 -81.3437037tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-90657940112074034682022-08-15T12:26:00.003-06:002022-08-15T12:27:50.305-06:00多功用的游记<p><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">2022年的六月,快速的到荷兰走了一趟自由行 。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">希望这个游记可以提供一些攻略,也同时帮助学生学习。有兴趣请点击下面的图去阅读这个游记。</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://read.bookcreator.com/UpOlNiIG0PO48hq6OJgqaUBKbwV2/_hYY7-GzT1eB8CoT_BSZYw" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="Bookcretor 到荷兰玩" border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="1360" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0MV4CkAUI5YqWih3wUYCA_L47BKaOUbF3FBDWgOD0HxiReQ3l2uDkkbFerkbqhVGo-7somEsOIRcx6pS9Lgka-G8iHL8Tr-InnH8bJZ3dL-ESEPW7saMUICirZzTcrsAaUTChPUoQtTfHoPsgktyNlxPBeGrnlXhaxATER1pTgmLAoOOoOJumhFn29w/w400-h301/Screen%20Shot%202022-08-15%20at%2012.24.25.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><br /></span><p></p>
Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-81933874862772295412021-01-30T16:26:00.003-07:002021-01-30T16:26:54.164-07:00A place where we can share and talk<p> <span style="font-size: large;">Dear all, if you are reading this, you know you are one of us. Please start introduce yourself in the comment box. Until we find another way to communicate, this will serve the purpose for now. </span></p><p><span style="font-size: large;">Below is a yoga video clip from my old first grade classroom. Enjoy it. </span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dy89OPcR9qkJmP1sfPz5sx-G6PKjtDQBwAiNntFcuRjC8WgyAGH-COZkDsOBSquGKKeyiTGs9RfzoSu2tlk1w' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><p></p>Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-32496309742886137302020-07-02T17:58:00.004-06:002020-07-03T18:02:44.664-06:00计划和变化<span style="font-family: stkaiti; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">二零二零年的三月,将会是美国 人难忘经历的开始。因为新冠病毒的爆发,为了大家的安全,各地学校在三月上旬陆陆续续改为网上课程。以前在教室里,老师还能耳提面命的时时督促学生,检测学习,</span></span><span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;">现在在家里上课,</span><span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;">天高皇帝远,</span><span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;">多半高中学生的生活作息已经打乱,好好按时上网课有时候是老师一厢情愿的痴心妄想。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;">各种网上工具纷纷出炉,老师们殷殷切切的学习然后执行,只希望学生们能以成果反馈 众多人的苦心。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;">我也是跟着大家脚步,有会就开,有培训就报名,拼命吸收温习各种新旧知识和材料,对所有资讯有囫囵吞枣的仓促感。不过在深夜反刍这些如雪花的资讯时,也不得不提醒自己,如果老师吃不消,学生的反应更要顾及。除了改变自己的教学方向,我也开始检视一些工具。其中一项重拾的就是Book Creator 这个工具,觉得是时候 好好利用了。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;">BookCreator 的呈现就是一本书的形态。如图。</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTvQt8o5Lr8NaV0U0S8G-COvlFyc-8zHmrHqbohE8Cg4UXThLsAdsUcfjVfOGs19qb4tbznmQeY9Yfbf696MoK_CSoR1thrlfr5FVpqqNPkbu51GeWWKLkG7IMn9kOVRGpkdKz_uEG5HeU/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.11.05.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="940" data-original-width="946" height="317" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTvQt8o5Lr8NaV0U0S8G-COvlFyc-8zHmrHqbohE8Cg4UXThLsAdsUcfjVfOGs19qb4tbznmQeY9Yfbf696MoK_CSoR1thrlfr5FVpqqNPkbu51GeWWKLkG7IMn9kOVRGpkdKz_uEG5HeU/s320/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.11.05.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;">制作过程,这些书可以以漫画形式出现,来吸引学生的视线。这个网站本身就有 图片可以使用,老师不用为了寻找无版权限制的图片伤脑筋。最重要的是,老师可以在每一页录音,让学生听这些内容。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;">从简单到复杂的内容,从零基础到进阶或是到沉浸式的文化题材,随心所欲的变换内容。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrhC_J2leRmIxUm5hL-4ucbW_TjEnyIw4614yVMMnAlbRDv9UZdWBa2IGm-1TYjBRKU7gxnWXjb2saHaJ042d04oeAmbRnuzBcJT8XUl9ZIlJZeAdUDOR_T5Ck6i5qa5iXtjApadxMIh7_/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.09.06.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="789" data-original-width="1600" height="157" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrhC_J2leRmIxUm5hL-4ucbW_TjEnyIw4614yVMMnAlbRDv9UZdWBa2IGm-1TYjBRKU7gxnWXjb2saHaJ042d04oeAmbRnuzBcJT8XUl9ZIlJZeAdUDOR_T5Ck6i5qa5iXtjApadxMIh7_/s320/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.09.06.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2zRIM3PJGo1_Q301C3TPQ6-4S0XWiwzaquwa5apucRzfQLgVn782oE1DzEPxIQWtJTsyWVs_52EgW0dl5atRq_EHtAoHDbq49rejdVSSb8FXGQi79XpneVfqVVdEoNjp8qPFdUFYpEnPl/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.09.31.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="786" data-original-width="1600" height="157" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2zRIM3PJGo1_Q301C3TPQ6-4S0XWiwzaquwa5apucRzfQLgVn782oE1DzEPxIQWtJTsyWVs_52EgW0dl5atRq_EHtAoHDbq49rejdVSSb8FXGQi79XpneVfqVVdEoNjp8qPFdUFYpEnPl/s320/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.09.31.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOJ7Gx0pHVDUCtFzjsseUdMXy5woWlcZKvLE20aoBSkZiYh7ZinD_p9NfZDZR47Mge9hXQoikjRSi7_APOE__wu2Exyds3U-TK2EH0xmdUSeNepSaW8Ui8firBWCFGPg7NAsKuta1wYcwN/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.11.14.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="924" data-original-width="922" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOJ7Gx0pHVDUCtFzjsseUdMXy5woWlcZKvLE20aoBSkZiYh7ZinD_p9NfZDZR47Mge9hXQoikjRSi7_APOE__wu2Exyds3U-TK2EH0xmdUSeNepSaW8Ui8firBWCFGPg7NAsKuta1wYcwN/s320/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.11.14.png" width="319" /></a></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; text-align: left; white-space: pre-wrap;">网上阅读时, 学生可以选择听电脑上的阅读。这个网站可以读出120种语言。不过我选择录自己的声音,觉得学生会更是觉得亲近。</span></div></blockquote>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSxzZILt3jp6ZWZjAxhsy-hoHLbGueCosT8hc6U2kxLSjMHYtj1_o0BJyTDg0_BjoHttu5a_gCLlHpQ26lVR0TpxX91Bh9aRcwh21tSzOHrL1u3yJiA973z7yXqtgW_fQ8bVnQalZTCXzS/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.12.47.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="974" data-original-width="950" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSxzZILt3jp6ZWZjAxhsy-hoHLbGueCosT8hc6U2kxLSjMHYtj1_o0BJyTDg0_BjoHttu5a_gCLlHpQ26lVR0TpxX91Bh9aRcwh21tSzOHrL1u3yJiA973z7yXqtgW_fQ8bVnQalZTCXzS/s320/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.12.47.png" width="312" /></a></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;">任何在网路“出版”后的书,就可以复制链接分享给学生在家阅读。如上图指示。</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;">学生练习听力以后,老师可以根据需要在书本后面加上任何作业,给问题检测阅读理解,给写作的作业让学生练习,也可以让学生练习说的能力。这些都可以从外接的其他网站链接来完成。例如使用Google doc, 然后分享这个文件的链接。 </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirfPnc3rrJNjBm1HFZ87i9OYyRU_KLKMwNFUxOdebNBs2uVBjvytfFLl-s4hFcvFO_1gRQiCJ5S7xUCgm02tbjLZKHTpBquzhDCIAvTXtZ3bIKt1_lnO-VjD6vVbM2pEj3iGjYD32bGMfH/s1600/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.33.57.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="596" data-original-width="437" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirfPnc3rrJNjBm1HFZ87i9OYyRU_KLKMwNFUxOdebNBs2uVBjvytfFLl-s4hFcvFO_1gRQiCJ5S7xUCgm02tbjLZKHTpBquzhDCIAvTXtZ3bIKt1_lnO-VjD6vVbM2pEj3iGjYD32bGMfH/s320/Screen+Shot+2020-07-02+at+17.33.57.png" width="234" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">上图是一个听说的练习, 学生扫描二维码或是复制链接以后,可以使用这个Flipgrid工具来录制他们回答文章后面的问题。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">目前使用过的学生都可以清楚无碍的完成作业。同样的内容,也许靠着Google slide, Google classroom 或其他工具也可以完成,不过BookCreator有几个优势,第一外观看起来像一本书;第二内容很容易整理设计;第三,可以找到容易配合的图片 ;第四学生可以同时使用听,说,读,写(打字或是上传所写文字)的语用能力。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large;"><span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">值得特地写文推荐的工具!欢迎留下问题一起讨论。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: stkaiti; font-size: large; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span>Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-18052332362060405352019-08-17T22:30:00.005-06:002022-08-15T19:21:46.645-06:00开学第一天<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">这篇是针对<b>沉浸式课堂小学</b>的开学第一天,会终于不再偷懒写字的原因是,跟几个老师讨论过后,发现还是得把细节写出来,因为我叙述时的画面跟新老师想象的画面差别很大。<br />
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例如我请老师思考学生进来教室以后要做什么,新老师会觉得新生进来必须有个self-start,所以就想打印出一些纸让学生一进教室就有事情做,这其实是一件需要经过慢慢训练演变成的习惯,如果每个学生一来就知道该做什么,老师的工作也太没有挑战了。<br />
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以前已经写过<a href="http://www.msmartychen.com/2017/08/blog-post.html">开学第一周</a>,这篇里面有很多图片和解说,不过还嫌笼统,这次要综合一些自己体验过的失败和成果心得,来把第一天更详细的描述一下。<br />
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<b>进教室</b>:</span><br />
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<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">桌椅摆设是重点,桌椅影响师生的动线,动线影响大家的安全和学习,详情可以点<a href="http://www.msmartychen.com/2017/08/blog-post.html" target="_blank">开学第一周</a>看桌椅摆设的部分。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">不建议学生来之前就将名牌贴桌上,我通常在返校日/back to school night时,让学生用便利贴写下名字,贴到自己想坐的地方,一个班一个颜色的便利贴。有几个原因:老师还不熟悉学生,不好安排座位;学生跟熟悉的人坐,有安全感,尤其是零基础的K或是一年级孩子;如果把知道的调皮孩子放前面,那这些孩子又没有翻身的机会了,除了健康问题,最好不要问关于行为的问题,也许这些孩子也想要一个全新的开始。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">午餐问题,需不需要选择?怎么选择?家里午餐放哪里?要不要统一集中?建议:我经历的几个学校都是有一个大洗衣篮放午餐,然后训练值日生抬到食堂/餐厅。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">书包放哪里?建议:先放到椅子后面,然后一个一个喊到放书包的地方,如果书包在门口,放上名字,学生就知道要挂哪里了。</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><b>缴交教室用品</b>:(如果学校有提供supply list)</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">零基础的学生,老师必须放清楚的实物或图片在教室里面的不同地点,学生书包一旦在椅子挂好,就示范如何拿出来放到对的地点;有基础的孩子,视程度摆出图示或文字,让学生把文具用品分类放好。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">学生走动放好用品的时候,放好的或是没有带用品的人做什么?建议:制作一支影片介绍老师自己,用吸引人的图片/影片,可以配音,可以配乐,就是让学生被你的影片吸引,同时老师可以一个一个点名,让孩子选午餐/放文具/缴交文件。</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><b>缴交文件</b>:</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">一定不要亲手接学生的文件纸张或信件,夸张的飞舞一个盒子并演示给学生看如何把纸张文件放进盒子。如果你非常有条理,有超强记忆力,接受这些纸条没问题,我曾经把学生装钱的信封放进围裙,然后就是忘了好几天。学生在做自习的时候,尽速看过这个盒子里的文件。</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><b>自习</b>:</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">一个就是关于老师,会吸引学生的影片。趁机处理该做的事情。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">该做的做完了,第一天的自习就可以从I do开始,老师示范,然后让学生自己做。零基础可以涂颜色,老师在学生之间走动问学生名字,然后请学生写下来,back to school night 的便利贴就有用了,故意指着红班的名字问蓝斑的孩子,“Mike? Ashly?" 学生即使零基础也会告诉你他的名字。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">有基础的学生的自习应该是简单,学生可以自己做得到,开始的时候,找所有机会建立信心。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">有基础的学生的自习的另一个建议:老师先先想一些简单问题,例如”你暑假做了什么?“睡觉?打游戏?运动?”你暑假去哪里玩?“去爷爷奶奶家?没有去玩?”你暑假的时候跟谁去哪里玩?你很喜欢这个旅行,还是不喜欢,为什么?” 可以设计1-5个问题。每次老师示范问答一个问题以后就让学生问彼此,写下答案,然后站起来找1-3个不同的学生分享。分享完回来坐下,老师可以抽选学生来复述他人的答案。接下来一题,重复听/说/读/写,接着找不同学生分享他人的答案。</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><b>自我介绍</b>:</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">学生进来的时候影片可以重复再播放一次,老师停下来讨论影片的内容,找机会让学生连接到本身的经验,制造话题,或是熟悉新语言。长短适中,可以回放然后停顿解释带入生活化、情境化、实用化的语言。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">学生即使已经熟悉彼此,还是可以根据老师的问题来发现彼此新的信息,例如:暑假最喜欢的去处;暑假读的好书;暑假最棒的回忆。。。有无限可能。重点是学生每回答一个问题,(可以根据程度自己写或抄写老师的句子),有机会站起来找不同的人回答,然后回来坐下等下一题。</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><b>规则</b>:</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">埋伏在所有言行举止的规则比纸上列出来的更有效。例如:书包放好的时候,指出学生做的对的地方。“他把椅子放好了,他慢慢的走。好棒,谢谢。”</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">举出一些并演出一些重要的规则,然后用学生能理解的语言列出来,必要时只给学生看。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">零基础的孩子,请带出教室,跟搭档演双簧的解释示范,同时目标语老师可以说“好!不好!”提供学生表达的基本语言。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">参观学校的不同地点和设施,除了不断重复学校设施,也不断提醒在学校行走的须知。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">排队:不断找机会让学生安静排队。零基础的学生根据学生名单,按照字母顺序排队,一定要反复练习,知道学生变成机械式的反应。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">上厕所的必要程序,学生离开教室的时候,一定要有个通行证。我学到的方法是这样,做好一男一女的通行证,准备两罐干洗手,学生上厕所时,必须挂上对的通行证,把干洗手放到自己桌上,回来时再把干洗手归位,当然要顺便洗手。跟学生沟通,没有通行证时就不能去,除非老师知道有特殊的健康情况。</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><b>复习</b>:</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">零基础的孩子没有语言可以复习,可是他们有基本常识,这些基本常识在课堂很需要,而语言上的支持更是需要,例如:颜色,数字,大小,喜欢不喜欢等等。这些话题都可以很轻松的转换成语言让学生吸收。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">有基础的孩子,从上一年年终的教材开始各种听说读写的复习,老师于此测得学生的程度,也知道应该从何着手。</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">不同学科都可以复习,科学的部分可以找出前一个年纪的标准,然后提醒学生什么是“假设,预测,实验结果”等等相关的科学语言,如此在下一个科学课进行时,学生已经重温这些重要字词。</span></li>
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<div><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">
学生需要不断的重新启动,教学中间用加了学科内容的动作来让学生的脑子重新启动,例如:听到老师的声音请你们跳3乘以3下;听到老师的声音请拍2加5下。活动之间不会造成学生脑筋停滞的现象。</span></div>
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有基础的学生还是可以跟英文学生一起学习一些基本概念,只跟英文搭档老师,或是跟所有同年级学生在一起。</span></div>
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零基础的学生,非常建议跟搭档的英文老师或是其他英文老师一起做基本规则的讲习,排队,上厕所,下课,吃饭,上厕所等等所有人必须知道的规则,我以前的工作就是在一旁很尽责的演出来,加上 “好!不好!”的语言。<br />
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我一直觉得,第一天的重点不在教学上的完美,第一天要轻松营造一个自在的环境给学生在长长暑假后重新适应学校节奏,零基础的孩子或许哭泣,或许紧张,老师的态度更是重要。有基础的孩子也需要老师的细心思考,也许前一年学习不理想,也许忘了很多基本的语言,老师的期待可以高,但不能跟压力一起提升,从上学期的内容开始,帮学生记忆也顺势检测教学的切入点。<br />
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第一天成功开启以后,第二天之后就可以渐渐加入一些复习的学科内容,螺旋式的上升,用程序和常规奠定往后学习的成功。</span></div>
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<br />Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-57910562377870163982017-08-27T14:33:00.001-06:002022-08-15T12:52:07.570-06:00平淡却充实的一天<br /><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">
开学的前四周,沉浸式的老师一定要做好常规以及上课时各种语言的准备:上课正常运作的程序指令;上课听话的语言跟互动的语言;去年学科以及语言的复习;以及新课的目标语渗透。<br />
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我将之前教二年级的一天日常生活稍规划整理如下,我教二年级的时候,有些不一样,我只教一班,另外半天我有其他的任务。可是教过沉浸式的老师都了解,一班上完以后,多半都是对另一班重复同样的课程。<br />
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在前面几周,我慢慢介绍一些学生可以自己操作,自己检验成果的活动,如 <a href="http://www.msmartychen.com/p/activities-pdf-selfstart.html" target="_blank">这里介绍的自习</a>,我示范给学生看,让学生示范,做完一定要读给3-5个朋友听;如何安静看书然后读给朋友听;如何用室内声音玩数学游戏,并且如何整理收拾好;如何拿着小白板在教室写字-词-句子,然后读给朋友听。基本上很多复习并学生能自主的活动游戏都适用,关键就是要把常规教好并让学生示范过,学生懂不懂如何尊重他人,尊重教室的设备。<br />
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教好几个活动以后,我随意将学生分组,不按照能力的分,希望学生有跟不同学生学习交流的机会,看似不经意的安排,可是我先找出六个可以帮我的孩子,然后抽签找出每一组的组员,放到一个悬吊口袋上,请看图。</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUYGjnl7uRudjzJ46f4-Y7aabGHWT5meflp0GIGdDLvwL4ej87_Ce0d-GziULSDJbdWuQnnSGM9AM7XORVdW5hwse5GeyVUdHj4HhGZicPrzfL5UOdfTzapXklmDaX1aW8zzvinpHoYQ_-/s1600/%25E6%2582%25AC%25E5%2590%258A%25E5%258F%25A3%25E8%25A2%258B.png"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUYGjnl7uRudjzJ46f4-Y7aabGHWT5meflp0GIGdDLvwL4ej87_Ce0d-GziULSDJbdWuQnnSGM9AM7XORVdW5hwse5GeyVUdHj4HhGZicPrzfL5UOdfTzapXklmDaX1aW8zzvinpHoYQ_-/s320/%25E6%2582%25AC%25E5%2590%258A%25E5%258F%25A3%25E8%25A2%258B.png" width="152" /></a></div>
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左边的数字代表的是学生,四个人一组,右边红纸上的数字是活动,活动一永远是网上阅读所以属于中文,我让学生阅读的是iChinese的<a href="https://ichinesereader.com/" target="_blank">网上阅读</a>,这个网站可以帮助学生按照自己的程度慢慢进阶阅读,因为教室的电脑只有三个,所以一个学生使用的是iPad,他们都是戴上耳机,不会互相干扰,活动二数学,活动三中文,活动四数学,活动五中文,活动六数学。数学也可以因需要换成科学,这个时间应做实用的复习,鼓励学生们去活用所学的语文。我将这段时间称为“小工作站”。 </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><u><b>12:00-12:10</b></u> 学生陆续进教室,开始做“小工作站”,过程放上背景音乐,儿歌,中文乐器,促进脑子活动的音乐都可以。时间到,学生整理完毕,我安排两个学生帮我轮换小工作站的号码。如此每一组学生都是一天做一个活动,迟到或是缺席都得等下一轮。这个时段我可以选择一对一把学生喊来访谈,检测或加强,如果她/他刚好轮到网上阅读,我就不会个别谈话。<br />
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><u><b>12:10-12:25</b></u> 月历数学。小帮手一天轮一个人,小帮手先上来带月历,写出前天的日期跟小朋友读,抽签找下一个来写昨天是然后读,直到后天。每一个数学重点都要根据当月的提醒加强。</span></div>
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学生写字的空档,其余学生要问一个朋友一个问题:你昨天晚上吃什么?你喜欢什么动物/食物(或其他事情)?慢慢的,我听到的问题还有 “请跟我说蝴蝶的生命周期,”“什么是奇数?”“什么是森林?”</span></div>
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听到好棒的问答时,我会请他们站起来示范,如此又给其他人好的例子可以跟进。对话的搭档有时前后,有时左右,如果少一个人,可以三个人讨论也可以告诉自己的肚子,膝盖跟手,这些都是常规中示范过,所以学生不会总抱怨“我没有朋友。”<br />
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<div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">
坐久了一定要动,动也要目的, 这是一年级唱一年有十二个月。除了让学生站起来动一动,也让学生复习动词,时间,最后影片没有录完整,学生是以同样的调子唱“一年有十二个月”做结束。对学生唱歌方面的要求就是要会说才能唱,因为四声一旦被歌唱固定,声调很难调整回来。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7vkjJCjn9dYWc_jGmpzaie-kTDGGDE4r2SpVj1WUHN30PzD2kr1d22UoZl9radOP-Ow_TRbFfb4-z_XDt1YcYEmO8wqvJ34yhiifAchuXgxwJS_KJMdV6uDWuPViaqR9MzJDs-iABJabd/s1600/%25E6%259C%2588%25E5%258E%2586%25E6%2595%25B0%25E5%25AD%25A6%25E4%25B8%2580.png"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7vkjJCjn9dYWc_jGmpzaie-kTDGGDE4r2SpVj1WUHN30PzD2kr1d22UoZl9radOP-Ow_TRbFfb4-z_XDt1YcYEmO8wqvJ34yhiifAchuXgxwJS_KJMdV6uDWuPViaqR9MzJDs-iABJabd/s320/%25E6%259C%2588%25E5%258E%2586%25E6%2595%25B0%25E5%25AD%25A6%25E4%25B8%2580.png" width="238" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEp599xkOwd8EBYb_l-YJgndC_nOr4O4yympQXU5xN0g_hyEvBRETPGz9wJhstKXmhUPmE9MvKynDSpKQtqwjt3V26O42ePFfcGZmsbre3oEwIvw0675N8_KIaV8QkndKk5iVAFhqSZwct/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-20+at+10.22.43+AM.png"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEp599xkOwd8EBYb_l-YJgndC_nOr4O4yympQXU5xN0g_hyEvBRETPGz9wJhstKXmhUPmE9MvKynDSpKQtqwjt3V26O42ePFfcGZmsbre3oEwIvw0675N8_KIaV8QkndKk5iVAFhqSZwct/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-20+at+10.22.43+AM.png" width="236" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><b><u>12:25-12:35 </u></b>回到座位看今天的时间表,讨论昨天/上个星期以及今天的学习目标,读出并写出当天的学习目标,然后读给小朋友听。这是几年以后终于学聪明的做法,家长问“你今天在学校学了什么?”的问题时,学生的回答多半是耸肩说不知道。这么做以后,至少有部分学生记得今天在学什么。</span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiISRIWIauPriMLijYpGMlBTv1-D5kOk0UlIwaRpAim68aNnzGxiQzOSAprUSjOz6X9T1hAcFzsdv4_n8iOM-Mk-l9In4pBfJjjAqWYwvmK2FahrKb1JOgKkKFVHME5Q8Ksm5oW13eM3NbS/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-20+at+12.16.49+PM.png"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiISRIWIauPriMLijYpGMlBTv1-D5kOk0UlIwaRpAim68aNnzGxiQzOSAprUSjOz6X9T1hAcFzsdv4_n8iOM-Mk-l9In4pBfJjjAqWYwvmK2FahrKb1JOgKkKFVHME5Q8Ksm5oW13eM3NbS/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-20+at+12.16.49+PM.png" width="138" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><b><u>12:35-12:55 </u></b>数学课。程序多半是把学生又拉回大组学习的地毯区-手操作I do, You do,讨论-“我是老师”的活动 (注释一)可以在这时加入,讨论的结果让学生再教给他人,“think pair share" (注释二)也可以在这时应用。You do, 回去座位,We all do. 这样反复让学生巩固具体的数学概念。整理好,收拾好,再回到地毯。<br />
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<b><u>12:55-1:20</u></b> 继续数学课。 解释数学练习单,让学生上前操作解释几题,问学生回去座位要做什么,让学生提醒每一个人。通常一次不做太多的题目,可能只做个3-5题。先做好的学生去帮忙检查其他学生,检查功课也要事先教过,,我提供好多绿色的蜡笔给学生用来检查,对的画一个笑脸,不对要圈起来,并且不可以直接给答案。我则针对仍在挣扎的学生。<br />
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改好或订正完,练习单放回自己信箱,就到地毯区坐下,学生在这里又有一个自主活动。被指定的第一个学生要把老师事先做好的字词卡拿出来,抽签找出一个学生来说出卡上的字词,如果抽中的是我在辅导的学生,我会请学生换另一个小朋友回答。这个活动的问答程序是:帮忙的学生找一个学生,抽出一张字词卡,问“这是什么?” (不知道可以找人帮忙),回答以后,帮忙的学生说“一起”,带着在前面坐下的学生一起读,然后再问“句子”"请给我一个句子“, 被问的学生必须做出一个有这个词的句子,全部一起再读一次,接下来把回答过的字词放到盒子的后面,回答的学生上前去重复这个过程。<br />
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<u><b>1:20-1:40</b></u> 全部的学生到地毯区集合,看图说故事的时间。把要上的课文封面投射出来,让学生讨论看到什么,Think, pair, share, 不断重复使用,养成学生说完整句子的习惯。如果是星期一,我会在这个时候把功课发给孩子,请他们写好名字,放到信箱。<br />
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<u><b>1:40-1:55 </b></u>下课休息时间。刚开始时的排队时间要很长,所以一定要预留时间反复练习。我会带着学生练习几个常规,一安静排队,二安静上厕所,三下课出去玩。过一阵子就改成首先,安静排队,然后,安静上厕所,最后,下课出去玩。指令可以按情况改成需要的语言,如穿外套,喝水,这样的语言有助于而后的写作。<br />
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<b><u>1:55-2:05</u></b> 学生进来的时间多半缓慢,我习惯在这时播放一段我做的影片,这影片通常是上个星期的学习,或是我自己的生活经历,尽量加了学生正在学习的语言,给他们机会重复看到不同的组合,这些影片可以带动很多生活化语言的讨论跟使用。这个影片往往帮我把学生迅速安静的集合,我常常会停下影片让学生读上面的字幕。</span></div>
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/TMAtkEwJt8U" width="560"></iframe><br />
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><b><u>2:05-2:15</u></b> 功课的复习。星期一发出去的功课有四页,每一天讨论一页并让学生上来书写。<br />
<b><u>2:15-2:50</u></b> 继续中文课。看图说故事,预测,跟朋友分享,告诉老师朋友觉得可能接下来会发生什么,认读,回去桌子,两个人一本书,跟着老师读。课本已经了解以后,给学生机会用里面的重点字词造句,学生造出句子以后,我会让学生把句子写在大的白纸上(看下图),并在句子后面写上自己的号码,方便我看到谁还没有分享他们的句子。写满的纸就撕下来贴到墙上,因为火警安全问题,教室贴的纸有限定面积,所以我把纸重复贴到一个地方,学生会自己去翻看别人写的句子找不会写的字。</span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnFuWZQaMGhjdSSnmoYm0bFESLIRpgxeMFykKH529tAYSEeqiSoKe_ogCFIL7n0-1MNOBceeoueX-xVn0fdNMoA54dBnVd3GWZMmLcNslEHgVrLDNdrOPP2ZfXud8ie_cV1bbAT8WfPWRu/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-27+at+1.47.53+PM.png"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnFuWZQaMGhjdSSnmoYm0bFESLIRpgxeMFykKH529tAYSEeqiSoKe_ogCFIL7n0-1MNOBceeoueX-xVn0fdNMoA54dBnVd3GWZMmLcNslEHgVrLDNdrOPP2ZfXud8ie_cV1bbAT8WfPWRu/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-27+at+1.47.53+PM.png" width="187" /></a><br /><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">
网路示意图<br />
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<b><u>2:50-3:15</u></b> 日记/科学时间/节日应景的手工/一轮工作站,<br />
日记内容可以根据节日或中文课的内容来书写,写完一定要读给3-5个人听。我通常会观察,然后找出学生到前面读作品给大家听。<br />
科学课可以先看图,看影片,做讨论,做实验,然后再统合出一份报告,不是一天全部做完,而是每天完成一些,把讨论过程跟结果陈列在教室提醒学生。下图学生的例子是在几个星期之后才得到的结果。<br />
节日应景的手工可以慢慢增加读写,然后陈列在外面给学生看。<br />
工作站可以在11月份才开始,因为要在学生懂得自理,懂得自律之后才开始,学生懂自理自律就是老师的常规跟示范都到位了。这个时段可以一组学生写日记,一组学生讨论学习科学,一组学生做手工,一组学生跟老师读书或检测,各个工作站跟一开始小工作站的区别是时间比较长,老师可以更针对性的复习或提升一群能力相当的学生。一天论一次,时间多可以论两次,甚至四次,让学生一天都体会所有工作站,可是多半是没有这样的时间。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><b><u>3:15-3:25</u></b> 整理教室,桌子椅子排整齐,要放进桌子下面还是放桌上,每个人规定要捡起几个垃圾,信箱东西放进书包,书包跟个人用品带好到地毯坐下,讨论今天的目标,分享自己喜欢什么,唱再见歌然后回家。<br />
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这就是我一天上课的整个大概过程,并不是每天都能上得了这么多中文,因为下午有美术课,电脑课,然后又常常有集会,全年老师的讨论,还有提早回家的时候,所以可以的时候就必须好好把握时间,提供学生能活用语言的学习机会。<br />
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虽然这是二年级的日常课程,可是其他年级不见得不能使用,内容更换,一年级着重更多的常规语言,不管哪个年级都是慢慢加深内容,随着年纪增加活动难度,给学生个人的学习预期目标设高一点,学生就会让人惊喜的达到超出自己的目标。<br />
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注释一:“我是老师” 老师示范讲解过问题以后,把再次解释机会教给学生。要先规定好两个人一组,谁先问,谁先回答。<br />
老师说:你是老师。(作势把教书权利丢给学生,让学生接住。)<br />
学生接住说:我是老师。(然后转身面对伙伴。)<br />
学生一:我是老师。<br />
学生二:我是学生。<br />
学生一:生物有什么特征?<br />
学生二:生物会吃,会喝水,会长大,会生宝宝,还有一个家。<br />
两人击掌:换。<br />
学生二:我是老师。<br />
学生一:我是学生。<br />
学生二:生物有什么特征?<br />
学生一:生物会吃,会喝水,会长大,会生宝宝,还有一个家。<br />
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注释二:Think Pair Share。 这个可以避免知道的学生永远在替他人抢答。<br />
老师不要丢完问题就期待立即的答案,应该是告诉学生要先想一想。<br />
老师:不要告诉我,用10秒想一想,然后告诉你的朋友。<br />
学生A跟B分享完,老师的习惯是要A分享B刚刚说的,或者B说A分享的。</span>Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-68943623898011026712017-08-20T13:11:00.004-06:002023-08-11T17:53:22.383-06:00换个角度看奖惩制度<br />
<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pernillesripp.com/2015/09/24/on-public-shaming-and-our-classrooms/" target="_blank">这位美国老师有类似的经验。有兴趣请点开来看。</a><br />
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跟上面这位美国老师一样,教书以来,我也试过非常多的奖惩制度方法,十多年来一直寻找方法,可是对试过的方法真的无法骄傲的说“我成功了”。<br />
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我也曾经把爱闹的学生名字写在白板上,给一个警告,不可以下课,杀鸡儆猴。可是这些鸡的生死不断轮回,我记得写在白板上的名字大概都是同样的孩子。<br />
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我试过名字挪上挪下的方式,那时还自以为体贴的将这些处罚放在教室侧面,学生不会直视的角落,是用写上号码的吸铁石,往上走得分,往下走失去一些特权或是打电话给家里,而且还振振有词的把这个奖惩制度缩小,希望学生不要太专注这件事,影响上课情绪。<br />
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现在回想,这些方法都有个共同点,那就是调皮的孩子继续调皮。因为处罚方式是跟执行者有关,不是由内而发的改变。执行者不在现场,不合宜的行为就会继续出现。<br />
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后面几年,我几乎都不太动那些吸铁石。不知道为什么没舍得扔掉,可是已经不用,心里其实有数,知道效果不彰。我不希望孩子惧怕处罚而选择,我希望孩子会深思熟虑事情的前因后果;我不希望孩子的各种学习是外在的压力,我希望孩子的学习是由内而发的动机;我希望孩子勇于尝试,不怕犯错,可以借着老师的帮忙来判断并有自我修正的能力,如果永远靠大人的处罚,这个行为的背后原因是没有被检讨过,于是同样的行为会不断出现的。<br />
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我的前一个学校的搭档老师对学生有个要求,“让老师开心”,开学之初,我们全部四个班在一起练习学校规则,请参考 <a href="http://www.msmartychen.com/2017/08/blog-post.html" target="_blank">低年级开学第一周-有目的的管理语言</a> 老师就会不断耳提面命,让学生知道老师的立场,她跟整个一年级的学生说学生的重要工作就是让老师开心,“你没有做好朋友,朋友伤心了,老师不开心”, “做事之前没有想一想,你跟朋友受伤了,老师不开心”, “你上课没有好好听,没有进步,老师不开心”, 几乎所有的事情都可以变成老师不开心的理由。<br />
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跟学生沟通这点最重要的细节是要让小孩一开始就明白老师是对事不对人,非常重要的管理语言是“老师很爱你,可是你今天做的事情不对”,“你看小朋友很伤心,我们应该怎么做?”, “老师不希望你做这样危险的事情,因为你受伤了,你的家人跟我们都会很伤心”, 让我们针对学生的行为分析讨论,避免让学生觉得内疚,而是让学生看到自己没有做好选择的后果,给学生选择,观察,跟对自己行为做反馈的力量,大人不能永远在身边,所以要给孩子这些能力。<br />
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很多老师来我班上看课时,最常问的问题是“他们为什么这么乖?”“为什么他们不会说英文?”“他们不听话的时候,你怎么处罚他们?”<br />
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有些老师相信扣掉小孩下课时间是最佳处罚,可是那是对老师的另类处罚,老师也需要休息,小孩在教室,老师就一定要在教室,小孩是必须去跑跳释放过多的精力,关在教室会让他们更痛苦,结果就是他们上课更不能专心,又是一个恶性循环。学生特别好动顽皮时,我会请小孩下课用一两分钟跟我谈谈,我通常会问”你生病了吗?”,“为什么今天上课很累?” (当然这些管理语言要很早就教会学生),针对学生的表现而不是学生个人。我曾经有个学生上课睡着了,我直接让他到后面的沙发睡觉,下课的时候问他怎么了,这孩子当场哭了,说“跟爸爸半夜看电影,所以很累。”哭泣的原因是怕爸爸被上夜班的妈妈骂,因为这是他跟爸爸的秘密。<br />
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我相信跟孩子一开始好好的沟通可以让孩子愿意做对的事情,我会问“这样做对吗?还可以怎么做?”以前还傻傻的追问“为什么这样做?”可是发现学生的答案不是说不出来就是让人生气,后来想想,实在是不用这样折磨自己,让学生找到比较好的方法来解决,真的想不出来,老师再做建议。我觉得这是我学生乖的理由,我让他们知道我关爱大家,他们应该为自己做正确的选择。<br />
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为什么不会说英文?我会跟孩子细数他们可以说英文的地方,往往可以使用英文的是接近20个地方,中文就一个地方,所以他们学会珍惜这个机会,说英文时,我也不处罚孩子。<a href="http://www.msmartychen.com/2015/02/english-in-chinese-classroom.html" target="_blank">原因请点此</a>连结, 这是之前的想法,我到现在还是一样的想法。<br />
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怎么处罚学生?我用力的鼓励其他孩子,孩子不配合的话,我故意跟他人玩游戏,我轻轻不留痕迹的提醒不听话的孩子,不让他们享受“负面聚光灯”的注意。真的坐不住了,我给小朋友一个静坐反思的机会,我准备一些便宜的沙漏,跟一张椅子放在教室后面,学生要去把沙漏反过来,在下面这些图前面静坐一分钟,可以专心上课了,就回来加入我们。如果送到外面或去其他听不到中文的地方,可能正好合了他的意,所以我是不赞成这样的发放边疆处罚方式,学生知道本来就不想待下来,这样就更有理造反了。</span><br />
<a href="https://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1XHHuLDENbpxzrHtonSrv1379CgxqGzfjVXCvt5NI0vY/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNiVVwqanLC51HyEqJUDgAdGk0CRO2PslCkfSrDpmXBpEzc9CvQ1UamGV_80yK88o6S_9TX4HW-wBsJ7qkboorzNyssRRRqBZKa3sgxy1hjjXrT_t2ploRewy3yEuZTCXxG9Wksao-XyUf/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-20+at+12.58.19+PM.png" width="150" /></a><br />
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奖赏制度也是有的,一年级的孩子刚进来什么都听不懂的状况,学生只要努力了,我就贴一张贴纸在他们脸上,他们都觉得有趣好玩,哭泣的孩子也停止,我还跟全校老师事先打过招呼,只要看到他们脸上身上有小贴纸,就帮我夸他们,这些孩子都是满脸贴纸的头抬得高高,像只开屏孔雀似的走。奖赏也要加深加难,为了复习钱,我制造了两种钱的奖励,都是换算零钱。其中一个奖赏是在贴在桌上,刚好学校有一个奖励制度,如果收集满一个数目,可以换一个卡片购买学校商店的礼品。很重要的奖赏规则是着重</span><span style="font-size: large;">“奖励努力,不是奖励能力!”</span><span style="font-size: medium;">能力是与生俱来,只鼓励能力很不公平。</span><br />
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<a href="https://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1OJVEioH0WvIgJd9-ml6ynviag_ydZNRpADpPudTOFic/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank"><img border="0" height="151" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRC1WDoVeR5OCC8darSRrp3sfnn16mbLzON9RTmuuzDvhCnCVGtbl24Y_W8YUoClMzSTK7-jM3lgiGrYqU4KGQzB5LfNnpjmtrBW9flwgWq_rZwJgLhtKVLFcKRwVK13mrBGK68MwRF8JJ/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-20+at+1.02.41+PM.png" width="200" /></a><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh39Cd6TV6GKemU-GFmN3W1L_Tx89pParbPJma78AMA0dXzQJQhBNtHbvS5FJJIXqZ2DbGrcv-sIptdbgpSAol8CSvvvIhtTgYk_VWB_Lgtu4kd9xAfIaHRqig2rH0-eBF5P5DcFFiWpwip/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-20+at+10.18.27+AM.png"><img border="0" height="121" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh39Cd6TV6GKemU-GFmN3W1L_Tx89pParbPJma78AMA0dXzQJQhBNtHbvS5FJJIXqZ2DbGrcv-sIptdbgpSAol8CSvvvIhtTgYk_VWB_Lgtu4kd9xAfIaHRqig2rH0-eBF5P5DcFFiWpwip/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-20+at+10.18.27+AM.png" width="200" /></a><br />
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另外的鼓励是小组之间的良性竞争,如上图。最快安静坐好,最快把书拿出来,桌子最干净,椅子最整齐,实用化的管理语言又加上去,达到15分以后的奖赏?全班帮他们鼓掌叫好!不一定要实质的礼物。<br />
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学生很敏感,可以感受老师的用心跟关心,如果管理是从处罚出发,学生感受不到老师的心,也不会用心相对。</span></span><br />
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<br />Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-68112517656219649222017-08-16T22:28:00.000-06:002022-08-15T12:52:27.971-06:00教室的实用性很多老师会给教室一个主题,然后所有的布置就围着这个主题打转。不管有没有主题,新老师应该优先考虑实用以及安全的动线,这两个主要考量放入以后,可以加上其他花俏的装饰,这跟Backward design逆向设计是一样的道理,目的清楚以后,评量跟活动才可以跟进。<br />
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通常在开学之初,我会建议新老师尽量让桌子面朝老师说话的地方,老师要先了解学生的个性以后才能决定他们的位置。摆放桌椅的时候,一定要考量学生移动是否方便安全,想想学生跟学生的交流,老师到各个位置的查看,学生到其他地点的动线。等学生的性格掌握了,就可以变换桌椅组合。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEis-7qrj7B2fIImG-kHo4cNqEG3aALQn2a3YJET4tYwONEc0GcDCJ2ETsx6zBbFt9E4bASLeLvDztT9NYA5IE8MELklV97URDGsaBE5MZeiIDtqtlc_PLV2MACKxM4pASeMIKikToHjgXV5/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.07.04+PM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEis-7qrj7B2fIImG-kHo4cNqEG3aALQn2a3YJET4tYwONEc0GcDCJ2ETsx6zBbFt9E4bASLeLvDztT9NYA5IE8MELklV97URDGsaBE5MZeiIDtqtlc_PLV2MACKxM4pASeMIKikToHjgXV5/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.07.04+PM.png" width="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM4AlPfWME13zXB_G8T0uxj_VrqKtCs_pASZpvemvjjq2NZ8_tXaV5qDiYli-zoonUvoCQKpfFZ7tB58FRZrEMHntsAU-wjZ8-BvhUz6536yOQP7B3oA0_g2Sg1yO5PazIQagbMgGYZ2hw/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.21.34+PM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="177" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM4AlPfWME13zXB_G8T0uxj_VrqKtCs_pASZpvemvjjq2NZ8_tXaV5qDiYli-zoonUvoCQKpfFZ7tB58FRZrEMHntsAU-wjZ8-BvhUz6536yOQP7B3oA0_g2Sg1yO5PazIQagbMgGYZ2hw/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.21.34+PM.png" width="320" /></a><br />
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中低年级因为小孩的注意力时间,非常建议一个大组教学区,这个区可以用来做大组学习,月历数学,重点教学,分享。。。桌子对我来说是学生加强复习,自己学习的地方。许多老师喜欢用大地毯,可是我很不喜欢,有以下几个原因:一。地毯往往太大而且形状固定,所以教室的摆设必须迁就;二。地毯通常非常厚重,年纪小的孩子容易绊倒,椅子桌子也容易卡住;三。位子和位子中间距离很大,空间浪费了。所以我之前的教室是用了彩色的长条velcro,现在卖一种sitspots也好用,因为有很多不同的造型设计,而且可以根据需要更动位置跟排列。<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiddOdC_qdz7MRdtjLMGpMoA6LYKqCnbczkpLRQGubCZl4rg1QRwfgLbzOgLqFIEMn4QyLUkaJtITWIRQXNCsKMr353w36egewJEOzrQD4H4Jw580sqXGofGyyv2xr_YWgPR11Hk1zILkON/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-17+at+9.21.18+AM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiddOdC_qdz7MRdtjLMGpMoA6LYKqCnbczkpLRQGubCZl4rg1QRwfgLbzOgLqFIEMn4QyLUkaJtITWIRQXNCsKMr353w36egewJEOzrQD4H4Jw580sqXGofGyyv2xr_YWgPR11Hk1zILkON/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-17+at+9.21.18+AM.png" width="320" /></a><br />
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我让学生先在便利贴上面写名字,标明位子,位置固定以后,我才把名字放上去。我去年用的是下面这个塑料袋后面有胶可以粘到桌上,只要把里面的名字拿出来就可以让学生换座位。暑假前撕下来,桌上也没有留残余的胶。很好用,点图就可以看到Amazon的价钱以及购买方法。<br />
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B006J2I2FS/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o02_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1" target="_blank"><img border="0" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNH6knx5tWSXTRUrZkDdqZwAIkT_Oq0IYhxfxDW47H_CzmXgrlEhQ4aPHKUkomFgJJCm35SBAH6LeXiFCibMMvu8JnIo0q0jGZuOu4WEvmyL1CcX7lJqWyt2cPaqt3W2CtMn7opf4wMYS1/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.38.31+PM.png" width="200" /></a><br />
预留一个以后做小组跟老师读书讨论的地方,几年前,我就摈弃铁制大书桌不用,因为占空间又不方便。之前的教室,我买了一张小电脑桌,备课本子就放在跟小朋友互动的桌子上。下图可以看到我买了一个铁的抽屉放文具杂物,一定要镂空才会提醒自己不要装太多没用的垃圾。一些要留着以后复印的纸张除了存在Google drive, 有些就放在下面右方蓝色扣子的整理盒里面。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbt6hcl6Lq53JyZjso3GCgSxfjkyra6Siqgjd_dVVjCwwPFMEJeTQgeWT-XLxJsvHWWh3RlvwG9Otoc6hzseVTMjyZY1L-WzWeDeUCL7wONoybCoUDixBeBsWrl1G6OEkR9EVMUTodnLYe/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.06.28+PM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbt6hcl6Lq53JyZjso3GCgSxfjkyra6Siqgjd_dVVjCwwPFMEJeTQgeWT-XLxJsvHWWh3RlvwG9Otoc6hzseVTMjyZY1L-WzWeDeUCL7wONoybCoUDixBeBsWrl1G6OEkR9EVMUTodnLYe/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.06.28+PM.png" width="254" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1jIwjK3gvmnAjsAajKbZSpgez9oX1nfQyw_roYDsz7oPPRmf9N5fwY0A8R739v5tE7RY4Ruspa6lg6Ew2MlXXWTvjqaV1auwZ6qU4ut5KOBDxW8BBEqWWf2R-xdY2wPLS3-MHTr5MPPwI/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.07.42+PM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1jIwjK3gvmnAjsAajKbZSpgez9oX1nfQyw_roYDsz7oPPRmf9N5fwY0A8R739v5tE7RY4Ruspa6lg6Ew2MlXXWTvjqaV1auwZ6qU4ut5KOBDxW8BBEqWWf2R-xdY2wPLS3-MHTr5MPPwI/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.07.42+PM.png" width="261" /></a><br />
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虽然一进门就会看到桌椅的陈列,但一些门口的小细节非常重要。许多学校通常一早老师需要点名,统计学生的午餐选项。下面是我使用了好几年的点名加午餐的吸铁石,顺便每天让学生复习奇数跟偶数,那些格子是后来决定加上去,想增加学生五个一数的能力。训练学生每天进来会移动自己的号码去选午餐,这个照片没有拍到下面的两个塑料盒子。学生一进门把要交的功课或家长的信放盒子然后选好午餐回去椅子做早晨的小工作站。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkyejrHslylYZlopSRuUbvDhOk72DqIjYqls63Ts9zR6lCkESuKIqnaa9r9KBavJ_VEggG_Pmp4Xq3RPiBSbO-DpNQSLmj30NGZ8PjpcFczXCIJz98zNATx8Z_I_PEXv7JlaO3EFa1RwB0/s1600/IMG_8444.JPG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkyejrHslylYZlopSRuUbvDhOk72DqIjYqls63Ts9zR6lCkESuKIqnaa9r9KBavJ_VEggG_Pmp4Xq3RPiBSbO-DpNQSLmj30NGZ8PjpcFczXCIJz98zNATx8Z_I_PEXv7JlaO3EFa1RwB0/s320/IMG_8444.JPG" width="320" /></a><br />
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学生开始有功课以后,他们的功课往往忘了写名字,而且是在全班一起写名字以后,还是会有人忘了写。于是我去年参考Pinterest 做了这样的夹子让学生交功课回来时,多一道手续。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh272K3jwNAltobmkHopkEgr6MVTWmKKg3ofmgnPhTeQlI7N4guDKZTYLa4srqnBfgBiVB5IBp_JOOeMKAq5o4EwvG3yuRDA3-VdARi7GitYITRn_TwWHE0auqQnDrkiGBLQrfVf4Nf30ZE/s1600/IMG_8617.PNG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh272K3jwNAltobmkHopkEgr6MVTWmKKg3ofmgnPhTeQlI7N4guDKZTYLa4srqnBfgBiVB5IBp_JOOeMKAq5o4EwvG3yuRDA3-VdARi7GitYITRn_TwWHE0auqQnDrkiGBLQrfVf4Nf30ZE/s320/IMG_8617.PNG" width="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6f_nySBRVTyR3D2vyc8NL93Ko-JyAeDh8rewSd-Oj-Mak1KkZGpFllfU7FKHLvU590WQLXUhT6ivmx3_hWz52IyZ2kcSlmGh__XP4fO45j3fUTewXCMYGxtIgp4wZ_X6RLszpdZPXlM4G/s1600/IMG_8618.PNG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6f_nySBRVTyR3D2vyc8NL93Ko-JyAeDh8rewSd-Oj-Mak1KkZGpFllfU7FKHLvU590WQLXUhT6ivmx3_hWz52IyZ2kcSlmGh__XP4fO45j3fUTewXCMYGxtIgp4wZ_X6RLszpdZPXlM4G/s200/IMG_8618.PNG" width="112" /></a><br />
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学生坐下时就要养成看时间表的习惯,老师的时间表跟学习目标应该天天都要陈列出来。<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4tN5mUFHPfUZTJtmxyikqd2sX-BB3yK1EpWYaaDmfuM4iiHc4c034wK3JD2T9QffLEsdud-bHpPlA0Je-yekF51hyjJdHJbiCfKgZ2Ow63q6-r61xqnUJFEqsW1V5fi2baV-dCCmaBXGq/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.05.30+PM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4tN5mUFHPfUZTJtmxyikqd2sX-BB3yK1EpWYaaDmfuM4iiHc4c034wK3JD2T9QffLEsdud-bHpPlA0Je-yekF51hyjJdHJbiCfKgZ2Ow63q6-r61xqnUJFEqsW1V5fi2baV-dCCmaBXGq/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.05.30+PM.png" width="148" /></a><br />
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现在来看学生的座位,如果桌子的抽屉够宽,可以用下面的方法。<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVAcjP-LXuuguS8kJ3OGwhOmg40IvstOH6l86PfYmCUgk-mAVUxdv8RmgDZvvRWt4sKn5ECqbJl83KxQE8pTyLH3SO71J8J06XU-oJjNU3KzFddBrl04l06vVybLUWrfYxXlyiSmOJPFa-/s1600/IMG_8253.JPG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVAcjP-LXuuguS8kJ3OGwhOmg40IvstOH6l86PfYmCUgk-mAVUxdv8RmgDZvvRWt4sKn5ECqbJl83KxQE8pTyLH3SO71J8J06XU-oJjNU3KzFddBrl04l06vVybLUWrfYxXlyiSmOJPFa-/s320/IMG_8253.JPG" width="320" /></a><br />
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如果抽屉不够宽,可以使用两个塑料袋装各种文具用品,也可以一组文具放桌子里面,一组放椅背上的口袋,这个做法的目的是希望中文英文教室都有两班学生使用的文具,不用每天来回搬动。如果教室够宽大,可以有存放的空间,如下图,学生进来取自己的盒子,要走的时候放回去。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO-NnJIgPWXXDLPUDGCD4BD9gDUsZ_2oii0IPfvbgJ_uRHXd4oXNI8v7SrFyraLsK5UpxdF9hnBxexkLqIF6kRPWD2rYSt3TUX3SLf8cSY38DjGG5AYAj_Q2H9FmYKU0nyucAYQZWmBJwx/s1600/IMG_8251.JPG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO-NnJIgPWXXDLPUDGCD4BD9gDUsZ_2oii0IPfvbgJ_uRHXd4oXNI8v7SrFyraLsK5UpxdF9hnBxexkLqIF6kRPWD2rYSt3TUX3SLf8cSY38DjGG5AYAj_Q2H9FmYKU0nyucAYQZWmBJwx/s320/IMG_8251.JPG" width="240" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioKgoSPndOlHRUK4F5SyeIa1uEYc-uQ1D4XN4v6mU98A-8FCF1qmDje-2vTgy9_FhntAhrwZhInBVV_1hlPApkXpKxwx3qQ8S-hSinLdY_p_iz8QvnNVxpyqezpab-zIPnj8y906QJ2BOq/s1600/IMG_8252.JPG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioKgoSPndOlHRUK4F5SyeIa1uEYc-uQ1D4XN4v6mU98A-8FCF1qmDje-2vTgy9_FhntAhrwZhInBVV_1hlPApkXpKxwx3qQ8S-hSinLdY_p_iz8QvnNVxpyqezpab-zIPnj8y906QJ2BOq/s320/IMG_8252.JPG" width="240" /></a><br />
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桌面上也有花样,有些书桌上面有放铅笔的凹槽,我以前的桌子就没有,如下图,就是老式的棕色桌面。我买了擦指甲油的这个护套,剪一半,用胶带从凹处把两个固定在桌上,因为有弹性,不同大小的笔也很容易就放进去,从此不滚动,再也没有小朋友满地找笔。我把这点子放到Pinterest上了,希望其他老师也能省钱又省事。<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEKMKnBLW9y50MKdlCxydN_DWFeyIe6jYPK0HHPh41fqY1Ju45TnHTt2_phlHjuvidmS5QIwE-Jagyt2qFVnpM0iAjH3YvAGwvqZRzNyXT-hZDi4TBXSBD8GAbSZvCyeIWIuJM4P_7Wu9G/s1600/FullSizeRender+9.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEKMKnBLW9y50MKdlCxydN_DWFeyIe6jYPK0HHPh41fqY1Ju45TnHTt2_phlHjuvidmS5QIwE-Jagyt2qFVnpM0iAjH3YvAGwvqZRzNyXT-hZDi4TBXSBD8GAbSZvCyeIWIuJM4P_7Wu9G/s320/FullSizeRender+9.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
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接下来是一个学生的邮箱,这个有存在的重要性,各种一定要带回家的作业,练习,改过登记好的考试卷,学校各式各样的通知,还有缺席学生的作业都可以一并放在这里面。我那时有两组,所以英文搭档老师也会到我教室派信,她习惯在下课时到我的教室把两班的功课,考试卷放进信箱,同时跟我说说学生的状况。蓝班号码跟红班号码清楚陈列(号码可以用姓或名字来编,用号码就不用每年换),学生每天回家时,老师可以很清楚看到谁忘了带东西回家。生病缺席的学生家人常常会来跟老师要作业,只要去这里拿就可以,老师可以不用再去找每一个时间段的练习,每次发文件时,没有来的学生作业就直接放信箱,通常我在边上附上一张学生名字跟信箱号码的单子,所以家长很容易就找到自己孩子的信箱,。去年我换教室,因为经费缘故,我买了Ikea的杂志盒子,一列排开当信箱用,要发回家的通知跟回家作业都依序放进盒子里。每一个盒子旁边都有一个档案夹,这个档案夹就是用来收集学生整年的成长。<br />
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<img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSsES3IH-IqYrDWlwLBuBS8VWLlISkVi0o_Hug4JDFvXoclCSdCxpDxpysEwO5fC7u4kfJqgTu0OyRiHrY5v9_5BWhihg8-Gl5SXMqGbLcyBY8GQ2SGCemKDlImK3LldH-K9pvOVGXgpn9/s320/IMG_8445.JPG" width="240" /><a href="http://www.ikea.com/us/en/catalog/categories/departments/workspaces/10567/" target="_blank"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNElyN5zWrgtzphbwcLqixks3ey7PkxQlKO0X770EMZ2LauZZ5lT8AAmCcJ6GtsPULjXc_W-ZTNBaa0ykL2hbsZ30zxYFmlQEP7WH69udQJ8-mzValCQzkKTSGyh6b3mxA0mN8ZvAsRorA/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+9.39.10+PM.png" width="182" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJkCl6KO0qM0vWc7_5-JAQuGEDXbT16byx1VH_JjCvJ4nA43BwVnFzrYQdfe852gIYAhdJq6plJ8PzN24wByV2AKoOljOpWzmytnrHpS4h51TYyLj1ywvZ_Kl8HTQ3Suae3M2InxYuBunl/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+9.40.52+PM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJkCl6KO0qM0vWc7_5-JAQuGEDXbT16byx1VH_JjCvJ4nA43BwVnFzrYQdfe852gIYAhdJq6plJ8PzN24wByV2AKoOljOpWzmytnrHpS4h51TYyLj1ywvZ_Kl8HTQ3Suae3M2InxYuBunl/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+9.40.52+PM.png" width="159" /></a><br />
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收集学生成长还有下面这个方法,把想收集的东西放到这些有号码的悬吊档案夹里面,年底可以装订成册让学生带回家。这个收集的工作应该选择学生代表性的作品,例如日记,例如每个月的一个学习成长记录,应该收集各项学科的学习证据。我去年的学生养成了去翻看自己档案夹的习惯,看完还会感叹“我以前写字不好看。”<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZp59lfHqiHnmYxkVkx6Br0XrCo59HEsMWbP_E3VnuKtm8a1JTb_KQcThBuK5H7dUag0YzYHePEQPBQ6veMG-yjbadHIxeEgBYFTmMSXJDZkMvEd-bgrOKi2_ixpILFlwEI__hxI_p1dLF/s1600/IMG_8442.JPG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZp59lfHqiHnmYxkVkx6Br0XrCo59HEsMWbP_E3VnuKtm8a1JTb_KQcThBuK5H7dUag0YzYHePEQPBQ6veMG-yjbadHIxeEgBYFTmMSXJDZkMvEd-bgrOKi2_ixpILFlwEI__hxI_p1dLF/s320/IMG_8442.JPG" width="240" /></a><br />
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除了让学生带回去回想一整年成长的册子,还要顾虑有在外面陈列的作品需要。我以前学校的走廊没有一个可以轻松展示作品的地方,我们两个班都钉了这样的夹子来方便展示。<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXzpVB3Pg1OJsnbuWM7vBGxkUULrZFk4CrZOUC4OQ5wUY0DoIErIw3fafsad8LcJGnH72I6XjraJswh9OSmJc6a0U6GdgUdlF8R8g5yZt2xhKBtowhVW18iESE-E-GxGIgkB34NjnC73u2/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.13.45+PM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXzpVB3Pg1OJsnbuWM7vBGxkUULrZFk4CrZOUC4OQ5wUY0DoIErIw3fafsad8LcJGnH72I6XjraJswh9OSmJc6a0U6GdgUdlF8R8g5yZt2xhKBtowhVW18iESE-E-GxGIgkB34NjnC73u2/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.13.45+PM.png" width="320" /></a><br />
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最后再回到教室里面看其他的设计跟目的。墙不一定要填满,应该划分出区域好让学生加上属于自己的学习在里面,毕竟这教室也是学生的教室,老师全装饰好了,学生不会去利用,也没有归属感。右边是学习的过程慢慢加上去以后。<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhycvBFc44AENQ541oqvTgIqIJ7eopu5iSC3A8hndbRhyIMN1uw_5Ekj9eaOzZK2HfScKXaVfGSvJCASnTIN-afHgd0TMCL4RGePOqQXIVeN6aBLzLRAUU81J9sEkAPLim8rK9CSSo-CHxY/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.06.46+PM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhycvBFc44AENQ541oqvTgIqIJ7eopu5iSC3A8hndbRhyIMN1uw_5Ekj9eaOzZK2HfScKXaVfGSvJCASnTIN-afHgd0TMCL4RGePOqQXIVeN6aBLzLRAUU81J9sEkAPLim8rK9CSSo-CHxY/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.06.46+PM.png" width="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0T7ZQRAyIWof32sianqVm5vimJQKSY8rF9IWQrY6A1w9JIIKuSeepUkbdia6tTYlCz8p8YM1QmNXVNlpDBsvXILHE6OQdWw2ZhcQJt9VcZoUWrTdZAWX33S309amzR4gLNDNAGrSjjCdZ/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.04.33+PM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="109" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0T7ZQRAyIWof32sianqVm5vimJQKSY8rF9IWQrY6A1w9JIIKuSeepUkbdia6tTYlCz8p8YM1QmNXVNlpDBsvXILHE6OQdWw2ZhcQJt9VcZoUWrTdZAWX33S309amzR4gLNDNAGrSjjCdZ/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.04.33+PM.png" width="320" /></a><br />
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最后的一个重点是月历数学,左上图的右方可以看见,这个月历数学是建立实用性口语的绝佳机会,这个空间需要学生都能看到,或是方便手操作的地方,中低年级最好可以坐在前面,学生主导日期和讨论,不管什么年级,都应该要有每天讲述日期,描述天气,叙述自己周末或是前一天做了什么的机会。<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWCl_9gPRyP6SUvKKfYRPbHUT2rw2t5hGvDW4Vr2RV3iynuu8qit6x8YK60trFoINYKagV33zViW9bjpvEzwar14_W16VYBnffhlwdh8ZHo1upnhzop85OXTFHtwWXnr2G7w9p5mL4maIa/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.02.22+PM.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWCl_9gPRyP6SUvKKfYRPbHUT2rw2t5hGvDW4Vr2RV3iynuu8qit6x8YK60trFoINYKagV33zViW9bjpvEzwar14_W16VYBnffhlwdh8ZHo1upnhzop85OXTFHtwWXnr2G7w9p5mL4maIa/s320/Screen+Shot+2017-08-16+at+8.02.22+PM.png" width="220" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDm_2iIjporyeXOM3SSpznypy_FYPyvVpu3zO01tw9cxBExA4zHvlR-WoTjMCnwODJb4qOyVR3VeCqyaw-v3jG7o8xoHP4CNZYyR-VDq2s35va6cKpZ63kPOO6i3msnNF1PkjbhwUHsD7H/s1600/IMG_8446.JPG" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDm_2iIjporyeXOM3SSpznypy_FYPyvVpu3zO01tw9cxBExA4zHvlR-WoTjMCnwODJb4qOyVR3VeCqyaw-v3jG7o8xoHP4CNZYyR-VDq2s35va6cKpZ63kPOO6i3msnNF1PkjbhwUHsD7H/s320/IMG_8446.JPG" width="240" /></a><br />
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<br />Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-12048850313394722352017-08-13T21:20:00.001-06:002022-08-15T19:23:25.879-06:00低年级开学第一周--有目的的管理语言<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">赶在开学前,跟有爱有抱负的沉浸式老师再分享一次经验。<br />
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没有在美国教过书的老师要重新适应的事情非常多,沉浸式小学跟外语课的时间安排跟设计相去甚远,沉浸式的老师脑子要先净空,先把自己放在美国普通小学的上课角度。<br />
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我在美国大学读的教育专业,因为实习的关系,很早就体验美国小学课堂设计的不同,教育系毕业后的第一年,我是在一所公立小学教半天幼儿园跟半天的美术课。早上上完自己的幼儿园以后,下午就是全校的各个年级轮流来我的教室上美术课。第二年,因为美术课经费没有了,适逢一个二年级老师退休,校长让我去教二年级,一教就教了五年,直到中文沉浸式出现,一个学校校长把我找去教第一届的孩子。<br />
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国内外小学不同的点在哪里?没有办公室发给你一张安排好的课程表,没有人告诉你几点去什么地方上什么课,也没有上个 40 到50分钟就下课休息。<br />
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犹他的沉浸式多半从一年级开始,我就略过幼儿园直接说其他年级的安排。我教过的几个学校都是如此,学期一开始,学校根据各项需要先统一出吃饭时间:吃饭是各个年级轮流到食堂去吃饭;统一出下课时间:各个年级也是轮流出去玩免得拥挤危险,多半早上一次,下午一次,也可能没有下课(如果学生刚上完或是要去上体育课,我们就省去下课);图书馆,电脑课或是其他特殊课的老师会给时间表让每个年级根据需要选出一个星期上一次这些课的时间段。<br />
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剩下来的时间就是自己安排,要在半天里把负责的科目安排妥当。沉浸式老师的时间非常有限,在非沉浸式的教室,英文的语文时间是至少每天都要2个半小时,沉浸式的半天时间要把数学,科学,社会学,中文都用中文上完很不简单。<br />
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真心觉得,教得了沉浸式,天下就无难事!<br />
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一半的时间如何教好所有学科跟新语言?从一开始就要随时加入重点目标语,上课的前几个星期重心都要放在课堂管理,而且并不是几个星期过了就可以停止,老师必须不断探看目标,陆续加入教学里面。零基础的孩子尤其要更多时间学习基本沟通的语言才能上新的内容,有基础的孩子仍要重新适应,因为过了夏天要复习,因为换了老师有新的习惯用语要适应。<br />
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开学第一周,以前学校的一年级老师(两班沉浸式以及两个非沉浸式的英文班)都是集合在一起讲并练习所有学校跟年级的规则,我就在一旁拿书,拿海报,点头做动作,一句英文都不说。我的搭档跟我在前几天就商量好规矩,她总是夸张的示范错的事情,我就在一旁不断的摇头做手势试图阻止她,说“不对,不好。” 然后,她会找几个孩子做出正确的示范,我马上称赞“对了,好棒!” 很快的,小孩都懂了。 通常第一周开学只有三个半天(比半天长,大概1点半左右放学),这三个半天,我们四个班天天花至少一个小时在一起练习如何进教室,如何选午餐,如何排队,如何走出去,如何在外面玩,如何上厕所。<br />
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分散回到我的教室的时候,我先练习”眼睛看,耳朵听,嘴巴微笑“, 很多常用语加图,我已经集成一本本子,边说指令,边做动作,也让学生看图。在英文老师那里讲解时,就不断给学生看图示意。<br />
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接着我们练习坐下,站起来,到前面坐下,站起来,走回去坐好,来,回去,每一个部分,每一个细节都要教,都要来回重复的说,一开始不要期待学生了解以及鹦鹉似的回答,需要时间让学生把声音听习惯了才能复制。<br />
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第一天我就开始教星期歌,唱歌之前的重点是要先会说,先指着月历,说星期天,星期一,星期二,星期三,到星期六,其中的一到六,我用手指比出来,星期天我就用美国手语,因为实在编不出太多动作。请看下图的手势</span><br />
<a href="http://www.lifeprint.com/asl101/pages-signs/s/sunday.htm" target="_blank"><img border="0" height="138" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi2FBzCjLVWEM1nIitFN5WO6WUpxdPCF8LMjgjuSZALN2GhvNwgRyx9AfKuUs86BbeZQgf4A45Ff6Hh0OGw9g_ISpBAZxPQijmU0EZowGwMf1mdmyabbQiTQYNOo10hZ9l8S-XjG7L5vNf/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-13+at+7.38.33+PM.png" width="200" /></a><br />
资料来源:http://www.lifeprint.com/asl101/pages-signs/s/sunday.htm<br />
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接着指着今天的日子不断强调今天是星期三(假设),前十天左右,我只教今天,然后再加上昨天,明天。<br />
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星期歌有两首,一首是用Adam's family的主题曲来唱,<br />
“星期一,星期二,星期三,(拍两下手)<br />
星期四,星期五,星期六,(拍两下手)<br />
星期一,星期二,星期三,星期四,星期五,星期六,星期天。”<br />
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一首是用小星星的曲来唱,<br />
词我编的比较简单,可是还是拿来当第一首熟练以后的进阶版<br />
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“一个星期有七天,<br />
让我们从头数一遍,<br />
星期天,星期一,<br />
星期二,星期三,<br />
星期四,星期五,星期六我们去跳舞。”<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">“重点:所有的歌词应该都是说的出来了才唱,否则声调很难调整回来。”</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><br />
第一天教一,月历数学上多一个记号或计数的物品,介绍数字以前,让学生看到一个男生(每指一个男生就说一次),一个女生(每指一个女生就说一次),一支铅笔(铅笔,铅笔写写写),一个老师(指自己)。<br />
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另一个在这个月历时间会做的事情是自我介绍,让孩子慢慢听然后跟着说“你好,我是。。。”<br />
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通常在一进门的时候,我已经让学生在一个纸做的手偶上写名字涂颜色,这个手套要事先印好,钉书机钉好,如下是简单的形状,当然也可以用中文百宝箱里的熊猫手偶。手偶做完,老师示范剪刀的拿法(拿回座位时要拿刀刃),示范剪刀的握法并说“剪刀,剪刀,剪,剪,剪。”剪好放桌上才练习到地毯坐下开始月历数学。<br />
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学生已经在地毯前坐了一会儿,如已坐不住可以先站起来学歌词,<br />
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“你好,你好,你好吗?你好吗?<br />
我很好,谢谢,我很好,谢谢,再见,再见。”<br />
加上动作跟学生演练,然后换伙伴练习,接着我会示范以后,让学生练习走回去拿手偶套在手上练习这个问候歌。唱完要说“你好,我是。。。” 这个过程要老师示范,老师跟学生,学生跟学生示范,然后要演练好几天,第二天就可以直接握手,不用手偶。</span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVHbXYYdIc6C9B-rNxYX4c7ehM2_HBcujYOspO4YcSONEBcFHog82W2wmIdrCGF0HOfJWnu3DPB-MEKozbR7oBQDPhWnPc37vhE-DasUTZTMoDLiFPYdBjhhQlstpAfxnIFtt6cmPj7uOt/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-13+at+8.46.25+PM.png"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVHbXYYdIc6C9B-rNxYX4c7ehM2_HBcujYOspO4YcSONEBcFHog82W2wmIdrCGF0HOfJWnu3DPB-MEKozbR7oBQDPhWnPc37vhE-DasUTZTMoDLiFPYdBjhhQlstpAfxnIFtt6cmPj7uOt/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-13+at+8.46.25+PM.png" width="165" /></a><br />
<br /><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">
第二天教二,重复昨天的做法,可是把两个一放在一起,强调一个,一个,变两个, 嘴里不断复述“一,二,两个。 小朋友可以出来示范,老师喊一,老师帮学生一个一个站开,接着喊二,帮两个孩子站一起,不断反复一跟二,让学生明白。<br />
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数字就以此增加,让学生熟悉,会说,会数的时候就让学生写,教到五的时候,可以做一个小测验,让学生连连看数字跟图形。</span><br />
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3jANzMrJwxbREI4NnljSGh5ZXc/view" target="_blank"><img border="0" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQdribtemku_kWv7knTdZyj84fc0uVXkqJFPnw6Wg-SV4yqN9JPjxEgzaT4Mukw8bqF6mv0Mk3Rwzm2W6P_gZ8rrMYqyvE-MLJiP70KTPCq1umyw2wlsqopOVm-P9x9kR_izgxB1S3hNh7/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-14+at+8.46.20+AM.png" width="200" /></a><br />
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第一周,我也会开始教颜色,因为我们的班级是以颜色分班,四个班级四个颜色,说出并指出教室里跟学生身上的这些颜色,会说以后,我会请学生出来找颜色,“红色在哪里?”然后带着学生去找红色,学生找到,就教大家如何称赞这个孩子,“谁好棒?————好棒!”<br />
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第一天还有一个必教的是动作,反复练习排队以后,学生可以在老师数到三就安静排队以后,我会带着全班绕着教室走,嘴里不停说“走,走,走”然后突然说“一,二,三,木头人”,老师可以指着木头人的相片或是实物(我的购于IKEA),然后要不动,学生多能意会,扫视队伍以后接着说“一,二,三机器人”然后做出机器人走路的样子,刚好我之前就买了一个像机器人的削铅笔机。 在木头人和机器人当中就是不停的“走,跑,跳。” 以后慢慢可以加上运动的动作名称。<br />
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动作还可以加上一首歌到学习来达到“快跟慢”的学习。身体歌,也是先说出指出身体的部位,“头,肩膀,膝盖,脚,眼睛,鼻,耳,口”,加快,加慢的唱,学生就玩乐中了解快跟慢。其实很多的歌都可以快快的唱,慢慢的唱。</span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIQu7fYbz-ZpBdJ1SyQ-Gs0lhWsLWHDuiFPRCI3s_jzKgjuDMwYC6OlO4lyh0cjzTSjQX71p9QqeChSeiNp6FhV_QFF1lxT7KACpSoQ1g3p7IDr92k1X1mqFPJ3fKl2oaSYZXXtxiw7rPR/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-13+at+9.04.16+PM.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIQu7fYbz-ZpBdJ1SyQ-Gs0lhWsLWHDuiFPRCI3s_jzKgjuDMwYC6OlO4lyh0cjzTSjQX71p9QqeChSeiNp6FhV_QFF1lxT7KACpSoQ1g3p7IDr92k1X1mqFPJ3fKl2oaSYZXXtxiw7rPR/s200/Screen+Shot+2017-08-13+at+9.04.16+PM.png" width="158" /></a><br />
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木头人跟机器人当课堂管理语言很好用,要在混乱中交代事情是很困难的,通常我说出一,二,三,木头人,学生很喜欢停在好玩的动作上,摇摇欲摆,我是不断称赞真的不动的孩子,然后宣告事项。<br />
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跟站起来坐下一样,我喜欢考验学生的听力,反复里面穿插重复。站起来,坐下,坐下。木头人,机器人,木头人,机器人,机器人。学生很喜欢这样轻松好玩的挑战。<br />
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所有的程序都应动静穿插,实际的称赞不断,“谢谢你看我,谢谢你坐好。谢谢你微笑。好棒。棒,棒,你真棒!谁好棒?” 很多时候是必须自问自答,然后学生会慢慢的加入,用称赞来带动学习!用称赞来制造上课的气氛!<br />
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学科的语言跟目标要慢慢的加进来,管理的重要性是不容忽视的,尤其在开学初期。<br /></span>
<br />Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-73514942819819469342016-12-30T10:20:00.004-07:002022-08-15T12:52:45.716-06:00听说读写-无捷径<div class="separator" style="clear: both;">
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不管学习母语或是其他语言,没有捷径,听-说-读-写就是这个顺序。</span></div>
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父母在让孩子开口说话以前,必须要用声音表情简单的句子不断的重复给孩子听,孩子才有有办法在模仿中,慢慢学会运用语言,表达自己,和他人沟通。</span></div>
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下面的文章描述婴儿如何从父母或教养人员身上学习说话,这程序一直是我觉得跟沉浸式教学一致的方法,唯一差别在时间上,沉浸式课堂因为孩子智能发展足够,所以讯息的连结,知识的领悟,语言的取得会比婴儿快速。</span></div>
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<span face=""helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #445d7b; font-size: 14px;"><a href="http://www.linguisticsociety.org/resource/faq-how-do-we-learn-language" target="_blank">Although parents or other caretakers don't teach their children to speak, they do perform an important role by talking to their children. Children who are never spoken to will not acquire language. And the language must be used for interaction with the child; for example, a child who regularly hears language on the TV or radio but nowhere else will not learn to talk.</a></span></div>
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苏联有几个案例,孩子是让动物带大的,这些孩子的共同特点就是语言能力的丧失,语言的学习没有输入就不会有输出。这些孩子只会学狗叫或是狼嚎,那是她们唯一接触的语言。</span></div>
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学生没有机会利用所学的语言,沉浸课堂就失去意义了。<b><span style="font-size: large;">语言的学习贵在实践和运用</span></b>。刚开始的孩子需要不断的<span style="font-size: large;">听</span>,之后才能<span style="font-size: large;"><b>说</b></span>。<b><span style="font-size: large;">听和说</span></b>熟悉以后,<b><span style="font-size: large;">读写</span></b>才会有意义。语言的取得,没有捷径,一定要经过<span style="font-size: large;"><b>听-说-读-写</b></span>。很多老师迫不及待要学生写字,似乎那是唯一证明孩子学到中文的唯一方法。这就如同我们古时候学英文的方法,不断的写,不断的记诵,最后我们学到多少?在这种学习情况下,我们真的懂得活用英文的又有多少人?我们都知道效果不彰,为什么我们觉得孩子应该如此学习中文?写工作单,简单的着色真的可以让孩子学到说得出口的中文吗?</span></div>
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看过很令人心酸的幼儿园课堂,孩子听不懂所有指令,说不出完整的句子,不会识字读书,可是被要求坐在椅上一笔一画的写中文名字,真成了“画”,孩子连ABC都不会写,只想问老师“涂写”中文的意义是什么。</span></div>
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明明在一二年级已经会简单描述四季,会写春夏秋冬四季跟喜欢的理由,结果看到这群孩子在三年级时,在“涂写”四季的空心字,这是个逆成长的学习。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span style="font-size: large;">听</span>----老师必须说的够,老师必须把孩子要运用的句型重复很多遍,给孩子机会熟悉,然后模仿。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span style="font-size: large;">说</span>----孩子可以模仿了,让孩子模仿。给孩子机会重复老师说的,给孩子机会跟其他孩子说,用游戏的方法说,用不同的声音说,用不同的角色说。有意义,有内容的说。从生词,短句到长句子,从默记的句子到自创,没有上面听的过程,就没有这个成长。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span style="font-size: large;">读</span>----听跟说让学生对语言的运用产生兴趣了,把抽象的文字带进来,让孩子体会把口语变成阅读文字的喜悦。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span style="font-size: large;">写</span>----听,说,读慢慢的取得,孩子现在可以试着用书写描述事件跟表达想法。写完以后,让孩子在几个朋友面前互相读出来,在大家面前读出来。大的孩子当听众时,老师可以设计一个评量表来让学生积极参与聆听。作品在教室里外陈列让他人阅读,听-说-读-写-再一个轮回。</span></div>
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语言学习没有捷径,听说读写的顺序不能被忽略。</span></div>
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Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-51303549474302541582016-09-05T20:21:00.003-06:002022-08-15T12:52:53.242-06:00两班的换课方式 Time switching 2 <span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">因为一个友善的留言,提醒了我已经很久没有写心得跟感想。脑子没停过,可是时间总是不够用。今天决定挤出时间,针对这个留言来写一篇。</span><br /><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">
这是之前的文章。</span><a href="http://www.msmartychen.com/2014/05/how-often-should-morning-and-afternoon.html" style="font-family: "Delius Unicase";">http://www.msmartychen.com/2014/05/how-often-should-morning-and-afternoon.html</a><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">
A friendly comment reminded me that I need to updated this blog and added something that my partner teacher and I had tried and worked.</span><br />
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教学真的是永远相长的。永远学不过,总是有新领悟。</span><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">
Teaching is also learning and it never ends.</span><br />
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那篇文章写的时候,还真的是自以为是的头头是道,不过重点是在于学生有平均在早上学习的机会。后两年,我跟搭档老师的换班是直接变成每天换班了。</span><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">
When I wrote the above post, I thought I found a great way to switch classes but my better half and I tried the daily switching method and we loved it even more.</span><br />
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这个方法似乎让很多老师退却,以为准备更多,其实这是一个更简单的方法。</span><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">
Switching daily seems confusing but it's fairly simple. Look at the picture below. In fact, teachers have whole day worth of lesson to teach and any unfinished lesson can be continued the next morning.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtweU5A13wulT7RTKdvt0X-9zUU-wePpLYgk8kb-CMqU5Mpe1GXCT0gBSeEUIuoxCw8e3LEYl3oMQbN3Jji4VJiXT8QJNvuhS5b7YsO-TmIIrKV3E5c_Qg15LbDPFmAHY41kK6vBjGXk7f/s1600/Screen+Shot+2016-08-24+at+6.48.46+PM.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><img border="0" height="126" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtweU5A13wulT7RTKdvt0X-9zUU-wePpLYgk8kb-CMqU5Mpe1GXCT0gBSeEUIuoxCw8e3LEYl3oMQbN3Jji4VJiXT8QJNvuhS5b7YsO-TmIIrKV3E5c_Qg15LbDPFmAHY41kK6vBjGXk7f/s320/Screen+Shot+2016-08-24+at+6.48.46+PM.png" width="320" /></span></a></div>
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犹他有些学校是固定星期一到星期四固定,星期五在半天时换班。有些学校就是早上下午不断的换。</span></div>
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学生会不会混淆?不会,他们总是记得他们前一天在哪一个班下课,就从这个班开始上课。会忘记的是老师们,怎么办?我们在门口用两个班的颜色提醒自己。看上图的星期一,早上时,英文班的门口是红色,中文班的门口是蓝色。学生换班时,他们慢慢就被训练的会帮老师换颜色,所以下午的时候,英文班的门口就变成蓝色的卡片,中文班的门口就是红色。</span></div>
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教书当然不是为了老师方便,这样换班的好处在哪里?中文和英文老师的备课从此都是一整天的备课,然后一整天的上课。看上图的箭头,老师备一整天的课,然后没有上完的部分,隔天的另一个半天就可以自由的上完。还有一个好处就是,一些必须去上固定时间特殊课的孩子,不会总是在错过中文或是英文课,比起传统的换法,这个方法真的友善又有益多了。 </span></div>
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Students basically start the day from where they end the day before. Simple as that. A reminder for teachers are two two-sided color cards. Teachers ( eventually the students) will turn the colored cards around to show which class is in the classroom. </span></div>
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This has been an easy and beneficial way for teachers and for students. </span></div>
Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-61462037074085322182016-06-14T00:54:00.001-06:002022-08-15T12:54:10.105-06:00Talk to the parents 跟家长沟通<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">美国很多家长都会到小学当志愿者(或称义工),原因有很多,了解学生在学校的上课情形;帮助小组的读书练习;帮助学校的各种特殊节日庆典;帮学校或老师做不同的琐事等等。</span><br />
Many American parents love to volunteer in school. They can see what is going on with their students; they can assist small group instructions; they can help classroom's celebrations; they can help with many errands at school.<br />
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美国沉浸式的教室是不能使用任何英文,所以如果家长不懂中文,如何帮忙?家长可以帮忙削铅笔,可以帮忙文件归档,带字卡回家剪和装袋,帮忙剪贴(我曾经把一些童书简单翻译出来,打印出来的翻译和书都标明号码,家长带回家按照号码剪贴),帮忙整理文具用品,张贴或收拾美术作品,改功课,改考试卷(这一点必须争取学校同意,因为学生的成绩不应该公开在他人眼里,除非试卷上没有名字。)</span><br />
However, there is no English allowed in Immersion classrooms. If parents can't speak Chinese (or any target language), how can they help? Parents can sharpen pencils; organize paperworks; take flashcards home to cut and separate them into bags for students to use; cut and paste children's books (I have translated some simple children's books that we received for free. Parents pasted the cut out translations onto books.) Parents can correct homework and quizzes. School will need to agree before letting parents correct quizzes because students' grades should be private. Unless there are no names on the quizzes.<br />
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因为老师也不能在教室里用英文,让志愿者了解各项作业就要事先做好准备,可以简单写个英文的条子,附在待完成的物品上,也可以事先写电邮跟家长沟通。</span><br />
Since teachers can't use English to communicate with parents in classrooms, they will need to prepare ahead. Anything that needs to be done should have a clear note attached to it. An email can be sent home first to require help and with instruction on certain tasks.<br />
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电邮是和家长联络的方法之一。部分的家长可以到学校,可是大部分是来不了的。家长会很感激老师和他们沟通各种事情,学生的进度,学校的活动,以及学生的问题。沟通的方法除了上面提到的电邮,还有其他方法。</span><br />
Email is one way to communicate with parents. Some parents can come volunteer at school but some can't make it. They will appreciate any kind of communication that let them see the progress of students, aware of school activities, and be notified about students' behaviors.<br />
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1. <a href="https://www.remind.com/">Remind</a>: <span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">这是智慧手机的app,方便好用而且免费,老师需要先注册,然后上面会有说明如何设定班级,可以设定不同的班级,家长按照指示加入。老师可以选一个或全部的班级来发通知和提醒。如果是要个别通知,也有这个选项。</span><br />
Remind is a nice and free APP. Download it then register. There will be clear instruction on how to set up classroom(s). Parents can follow direction to join your texting group. Teachers can reach out individual parent as well.<br />
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2. Newsletter: <span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">把学习进度和目标打印寄给家长,可以用电子邮件,也可以打印出来,有些家长可能比较习惯读纸上的信息,可以打几分给这些家长就行。</span><br />
Newsletter can be sent via email. Some parents prefer reading actual letters, so maybe few can be printed for the parents.<br />
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3. <span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">影片:即使家长到了教室看到上课情况,他们也不一定了解学生在说什么。家长签下同意书之后,可以拍下学生的学习情况,制成影片给家长看。这些影片配合上课内容打上字母也是练习的工具。要注意的是,如果要上传的YouTube,一定要上传到unlisted,这样影片就无法被公开搜寻,当然,家长也要了解你的用意。如果学区有下载影片的地方,那就更方便了。</span><br />
Classroom videos can be used to show parents the progress of the students. Parents will need to sign agreement to allow their kids to be filmed. When school and parents agree, the film can be uploaded to Youtube, however the setting should be on unlisted to avoid public searching. If school district has their own channel for film, then just use the District one to save troubles.<br />
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4. <span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">教学网站:如果学区提供那就最好,如果学区没有提供方便的博客工具,老师也可以自己做一个网站,介绍学习目标和各种活动,给予中文功课的协助,如果做了影片,可以加在这里给家长看。</span><br />
Blog or teaching website. Teachers can use blog to show learning objectives, embed the films, school activities, and homework help. Some school Districts provide blogs and teachers should take advantage of that.<br />
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5. <span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">纸条:如果有些紧急要家长看到的活动或其他通知,我和我的搭档会把内容打印在颜色鲜艳的纸上,为了节省资源,尽量印小一点,一张纸可以印好几分,这些印出来的纸条会被折几折,学生书包上通常会有个提带,我们把折好的纸穿过提带用订书机钉起来。学生的书包是黑洞,很多东西进去来就从此找不到,所以这个方法,保证家长一定看到。</span><br />
Sometimes a printed note is inevitable. A note can be printed multiple times on a paper then cut apart. Fold the cut out paper many times, thread through the loop on student's backpack. Staple the two ends together. Make sure to print on colorful papers. Students' backpacks often become blackhole. To have a note hanging this way can ensure parents to read the note.Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-56698435421942633952015-08-14T16:13:00.002-06:002022-08-15T12:54:21.469-06:00Procedures! Procedures!Procedures! 没有常规,没有学习!目标,评量, 活动这三个教学不可忘记的思考模式是明尼苏达州,<u>连鹭役</u>博士的无私分享。这是连博士把backward design公式化的结果,如此简单扼要的口诀,时时提醒老师们用目标引导教学设计是非常有效率的。<br />
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有了目标- 知道学生必须学会什么,有了评量-如何确定学生学到了,有了活动-学习的方式,有了这三点,就要常规把这三点紧紧结合,如果没有常规把这三个点连结在一起,它们会变成三个浮游的点,老师会终日漫无头绪的追逐这三个点,而这三个点会越漂越远,越来越远,终日追逐的老师,越来越累,越来越累。<br />
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一定要用有意义的常规把这三个点连结起来,老师备的课才能传达,才会产生意义,学生才会学习,课才会完整。</div>
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再把常规复习一次!</div>
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什么是常规?一个老师如何让学生在课堂学习运作,如何注意听讲,如何吸收,如何做反应,如何当一个学生。</div>
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上课前,学生如何进教室,东西如何摆放,怎么坐下,怎么管理自己,怎么对自己负责,这些要教导。上厕所,喝水,在哪里排队,都要设想到。</div>
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上课中,坐哪里,老师如何得到学生的注意,怎么样把精心准备的课让学生吸收领悟,怎么样让学生运用学到的语言来表达他们懂了。</div>
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上课后,怎么排队,怎么出去下课和回来教室;怎么回家。</div>
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在沉浸式的教学里面,这些点点滴滴都要教的,这些语言对学生来讲,可能都是全新的。举个例子来说,老师要孩子排队,老师说:男生到左边排队站好,女生到右边排队站好。问题在哪里?老师要先确定学生知道男生和女生,他们也必须知道什么是左边和右边,小一点的孩子,知道什么是排队?知道什么是站好吗?</div>
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看新老师的夏令营到教室的实习教学,我们往往观察到新老师上课挣扎的几个点都是在课堂管理上面。</div>
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老师们太执着于自己的课,只想着自己的课和每一个步骤,忽略学生的反应。学生要全面顾及到,学生是否坐不住了,学生是否用表情行动表示他们不懂了,老师往往忽略掉学生的反应,自顾自的坚持把课“说完”, 着实可惜一场熬夜准备的课,<b><span style="font-size: large;">因为学生没有听,课是白讲的。</span></b>请,一定要,绝对要,千万等到学生注意你了,你才上课。不注意你,你如何让学生注意你?眼睛-看。耳朵-听。嘴巴-微笑。这是一个方法。拍手也是,摇铃,唱歌,数数,方法很多。要先让学生习惯,并时时练习。</div>
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学生没有反应,课也是白准备的。自问自答,不是在教书。听到很多“对不对?对。”“是不是?是。”问问题时,避免是,不是,对,不对,这种简单没有思考性的问题不能启发孩子。当然那是刚开始的基本能力,之后一定要加深难度,“为什么是?为什么不是?” </div>
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老师如何确定学生懂了?让学生教导彼此 (事先要教会学生程序步骤),让学生重复老师的要求,让学生诉说老师刚刚所学的要点,让学生分享彼此的想法,让学生重述其他人的答案。这些都可以激发语言和思考。</div>
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迅速确定学生是否了解还可以让学生给老师一个信号,举一个事先做好的牌子上面显示懂或是不懂,悄悄在胸口举出手指头(可能1根手指头代表懂,两根手指头代表再说一次,老师跟搭档可以自行设定),这些信号当然也是常规训练里的一部分。</div>
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老师给了激发思考的问题以后,<b>要习惯让学生先彼此分享答案</b>,可以从这里观察学生到反应。通常我一手挡在嘴巴前面,告诉学生“不要告诉我,想一想,想10秒,然后告诉你的朋友”, 而且要学生们等老师同意才能回答,避免永远都是一样的学生在回答,怎么避免同样孩子抢尽答案,可以用前面说的分享 (Think-pair-share), 也可以用抽签(号码/名字)的方法,可以轮流,可以说“穿红色衣服的站起来告诉大家。” 同时复习红色,衣服和站起来告诉大家。大一点的孩子,可以做讨论,老师丢一个问题,然后要学生讨论出结果或找出答案。。这些都是确定反应的办法。</div>
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老师一旦清楚知道自己每一堂课每一阶段的目标,接下来要利用常规来介绍活动,然后透过常规来做评量。老师必须在每个阶段习惯性的用固定语言跟步骤来进行下一个活动,确定学生了解,可以重述老师的教学重点跟活动程序,“告诉老师,我们的学习目标是什么?告诉你的朋友我们的学习目标。”“现在要做什么?第一要做什么?第二要做什么?最后要做什么?”对大一点的孩子可以开始说“我们首先要。。。,然后。。。,最后要。。。” 如果学生在了解上有问题,用数字加抽象文字: 1,首先,1,首先要回去坐下,2,然后,2,然后要写名字,写日期,写号码, 3,最后,3,最后要铅笔放下看老师。让学生重述,让学生亮亮分享老师的步骤。 这些常规语言可以让学生有更多的生活对话词汇,更多阐述个人想法的机会,这些常规都是课与课之间的润滑剂,让老师的上课跟学生的学习更有效率。</div>
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老话一句,没有常规,没有学习。一个乱哄哄,学生自顾自说话的教室是没有学习效果的。老师,白辛苦,白白备课了。</div>
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要怎么样让学生好好听课,好好做反应,好好应用所学,这是比给工作单,着色单重要几百倍的问题。</div>
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Procedures! Procedures! Procedures! 一起加油。</div>
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<br />Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-69668101995827083602015-02-22T12:46:00.011-07:002022-08-15T21:27:16.461-06:0030 人一班的工作站例子<div class="MsoNormal"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase; font-size: large;">工作站:多元的设计,让学生每个人都有机会参与学习。</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase; font-size: large;">小组的设计,所以学生不会被遗忘。</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase; font-size: large;">小组的设计,老师可以针对小组的需要加强辅导。</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><div class="MsoNormal"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase; font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN">自己动手,自己管理,学生的荣誉心强。</span><span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><br /></span></span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">当然执行工作站之前有大前提,那就是课堂常规已经奠定。老师一说话,学生就知道要做什么,一放手就知道规矩方圆在哪里。另外就是,每个工作站都应该有清楚的学习目标,而且老师示范,学生示范,然后才成为一个站供其他学生练习。(</span><span><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">I do, we do (<span lang="ZH-CN">需要时可以重复</span>), you do.) <span lang="ZH-CN">一旦熟练的工作站,可以把内容汰换应付不同学科目标,程序不变。</span></span></span></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase; font-size: large;"><span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBzxKz2ZS2k6qyFHNtw8EeBb4NHrBgKViPjb3JZ2yPQ2GVR2dYLa-QPaGgI6ZRtFi3mau3UNdR8O0tfVvrnrs-fTpuyAqr-BkK9MNUYJaAo5VmEy7iFL2Qq--_K6jyd6t-g_-J-y0daYfCJE0ReqaFgySWNwDJte69qDMVn1M1Od2ZQAvcChnAtsa0Ag/s1190/GRRMChen.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="1190" height="336" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBzxKz2ZS2k6qyFHNtw8EeBb4NHrBgKViPjb3JZ2yPQ2GVR2dYLa-QPaGgI6ZRtFi3mau3UNdR8O0tfVvrnrs-fTpuyAqr-BkK9MNUYJaAo5VmEy7iFL2Qq--_K6jyd6t-g_-J-y0daYfCJE0ReqaFgySWNwDJte69qDMVn1M1Od2ZQAvcChnAtsa0Ag/w640-h336/GRRMChen.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase; font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN">做个简单的例子:(请自行依照年级增减人数,工作站以及各站难易度。)</span><span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="ZH-CN">假</span><span lang="ZH-CN">设</span><span lang="ZH-CN">一班有</span><span>30<span lang="ZH-CN">个人,把这班分成五个组,一组里有</span>6<span lang="ZH-CN">到</span>8<span lang="ZH-CN">人是还可以执行的数目。当然</span>6<span lang="ZH-CN">个人会好过</span>8<span lang="ZH-CN">个人,可是如果时间不够让五个组尝试,也是可以改变。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="ZH-CN">墙</span><span lang="ZH-CN">上清楚标示这五组的名字和组别名称或号码。</span><span><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="ZH-CN">说明这个星期(或今天)五个工作站的学习和地点。反复几次,问学生“这个工作站要做什么?要学习什么?要怎么做?做时要注意什么?做完要做什么?”</span><span><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="ZH-CN">一:听有声书。二:访问班上小朋友。三:数学游戏。四:数学练习。五:老师的桌子。</span><span><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: x-large;">每一个站</span><span style="font-size: x-large;">10-20<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟左右。可以把五个站名写出来,用吸铁石吸在五个组的旁边。</span>10<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟一到,整个换。比如有红,橙,黄,绿,蓝五组。第一轮开始时,红组有</span>1<span lang="ZH-CN">,代表有声书。橙有</span>2<span lang="ZH-CN">号,代表去走动访问记录。黄有</span>3<span lang="ZH-CN">号,代表去玩游戏。绿有</span>4<span lang="ZH-CN">号,代表去写数学练习。蓝有</span>5<span lang="ZH-CN">号,代表去和老师做小组辅导。下一轮,红-</span>2<span lang="ZH-CN">,橙</span>-3<span lang="ZH-CN">,黄</span>-4<span lang="ZH-CN">,绿</span>-5<span lang="ZH-CN">,蓝</span>-1<span lang="ZH-CN">。再到下一轮,红-</span>3<span lang="ZH-CN">,橙</span>-4<span lang="ZH-CN">,黄</span>-5<span lang="ZH-CN">,绿</span>-1<span lang="ZH-CN">,蓝</span>-2<span lang="ZH-CN">。依此类推。</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><br /></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><!--[if !supportLists]--></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="ZH-CN">工作站内容可以全部是数学,也可以混杂其他学科,可以加入对话,写作,美术。时间可能</span></span><span><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;">10<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟到</span>20<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟。可能一天做完,也可能一个星期或更长做完。完全看学习的需要以及时间的条件。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase; font-size: large;"> 如果只有四组,下面这个例子可以供作参考。不管是四个或是更多的工作站,老师一定要沟通并示范每个工作站,从开始,过程,结尾的每一步都要展现清楚。然后让一组学生出来示范,其他人可以在观察以后讨论,说出很棒的大家要遵循的地方。</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="font-family: Delius Unicase;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2LKzFETQPzeVn4p_UKbN-AIW996Q56gOv_1W-ZqZN8XFeWVILuC2Pa10LExkhsHe6a00hBTMAVXhKMueOAMZsy8vW6pTDtCvGrOay7UWvCDqZvH7F-DP5fvqKy_n9EPhS4q7tCRl14bSwerlaEnk1So5SsnMDxeWXrjQph28Bn0_83zerAx-4zGhP9w/s1216/Screen%20Shot%202022-08-15%20at%2012.58.13.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="470" data-original-width="1216" height="124" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2LKzFETQPzeVn4p_UKbN-AIW996Q56gOv_1W-ZqZN8XFeWVILuC2Pa10LExkhsHe6a00hBTMAVXhKMueOAMZsy8vW6pTDtCvGrOay7UWvCDqZvH7F-DP5fvqKy_n9EPhS4q7tCRl14bSwerlaEnk1So5SsnMDxeWXrjQph28Bn0_83zerAx-4zGhP9w/s320/Screen%20Shot%202022-08-15%20at%2012.58.13.png" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWyEAQ9lXL5E0eKyB1LHJH6WmaSmxQ1j0Q4GKoKYSKRtmf45wt2usYG2WZBsEAkLqKewZ7psPR3S3ZW-owSlB53p28pqbBsnSojGOkAPJYSgdlCwQdqq-DVzAUafVlUT6bWyVKs4AfXsbsWamf0Gq6vZLPK1i2akvRgrd2GFEkw4VMuiera25_kItgQQ/s1208/Screen%20Shot%202022-08-15%20at%2012.58.19.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="586" data-original-width="1208" height="155" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWyEAQ9lXL5E0eKyB1LHJH6WmaSmxQ1j0Q4GKoKYSKRtmf45wt2usYG2WZBsEAkLqKewZ7psPR3S3ZW-owSlB53p28pqbBsnSojGOkAPJYSgdlCwQdqq-DVzAUafVlUT6bWyVKs4AfXsbsWamf0Gq6vZLPK1i2akvRgrd2GFEkw4VMuiera25_kItgQQ/s320/Screen%20Shot%202022-08-15%20at%2012.58.19.png" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">这个影片有部分的工作站过程。</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://youtu.be/g9kTegCaHnM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="844" data-original-width="946" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgY_WlokL5jPeXu_t32-H0LNEwj-nzyBkDxxZuHaZxP1TyTYIEDmr8_WGcIHS06boj2jGufNWoJhhQzoM5Lw8d2NdZBXAlpKCaVKapbjZIMP1wqIQ_T6akPnezj58EJ9JBsnEYksY0NzHmoojZVK4fxoUsDmpSbR9cWg96lkt9mtDlvLzGDwcIR_A5gSQ/s320/Screen%20Shot%202022-08-15%20at%2013.08.25.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></span></div>
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Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-79940152310408610732015-02-22T12:14:00.003-07:002023-08-10T16:34:55.835-06:00English in Chinese classroom?<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 14pt;">What I feel about students
using English in my classroom?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 14pt;">I was asked a question. This
teacher has a concern and she wanted to know how do I feel about it.
Apparently, she has learned an immersion classroom teacher has been sending
students to time out when the students speak English in Chinese class. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 14pt;">She said it doesn’t feel
right but she didn’t know what to say or think. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 14pt;">My answer might not be right
but I have my reasons to not to agree with this kind of consequences. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Reason one, these students
are living in US, of course they need to speak English and speaking English
shouldn’t be punished. One might argue, but they are in Chinese </span><span style="font-size: 16px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">My perspective on students using English in my classroom is rooted in fostering a balanced and respectful bilingual learning environment. I was recently asked about my thoughts on a situation where a Chinese immersion classroom teacher was sending students to time out for speaking English in class. While my response may not be definitive, I have reasons for disagreeing with this approach.</span></span></span></div><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(69,89,164,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin: 1.25em 0px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Firstly, considering the context that these students live in the United States, it's natural for them to use English outside of class, and this should not be penalized. Although they are in a Chinese immersion setting where Chinese is encouraged, I refrain from punishing students for using English. Instead, I kindly remind them in Chinese that we're practicing Chinese in this class, and that English is for other classes. When there's mutual understanding and trust, students usually respond with respect.</span></span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(69,89,164,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin: 1.25em 0px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">What if some students continue using English? Secondly, it's important to acknowledge that their Chinese vocabulary might be limited. We can't expect exclusive use of Chinese when their vocabulary is developing. To help them learn new words, I encourage students to express themselves as best they can, and I provide missing words when needed. I teach them to ask "how do I say this in Chinese?" When a student acted out "pirate" without using English words, I filled in the vocabulary gap and added it to our word list. Another student, excited about dressing up as a cowboy, mixed languages. Other students naturally encouraged him to express himself in Chinese, fostering peer support.</span></span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(69,89,164,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin: 1.25em 0px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Thirdly, our aim is bilingualism. We want students to be at ease using both languages. Why suppress one language? We should explain that certain times and places are meant for specific languages. Personally, as a Chinese immersion teacher, I initially felt self-conscious using English due to the emphasis on using only Chinese. But I realized that teachers should be role models for balanced language use. How can we ask students to be bilingual if we only use one language?</span></span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(69,89,164,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin: 1.25em 0px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The concept of "time out" is typically associated with misbehavior, and we should avoid equating speaking one's first language with misbehavior. As immersion educators, our goal is bilingualism, not making students feel guilty about their first language. I believe that students will respond positively when kindly prompted to use Chinese. Reminding each other to "speak Chinese" can foster a cooperative environment where children willingly engage.</span></span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(69,89,164,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 transparent; --tw-shadow: 0 0 transparent; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(217, 217, 227); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin: 1.25em 0px 0px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In conclusion, my immersion teaching philosophy centers on nurturing bilingualism while maintaining respect for students' languages. I trust that students will respond positively to polite requests, and if we collectively encourage the use of Chinese, they will naturally embrace the language.</span></span></p>
Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-24038278860256924892014-10-14T23:14:00.003-06:002015-02-22T13:05:48.860-07:00Parent teacher conference time 开家长会了!<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">家</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">长</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">会-</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">Parent teacher conference <span lang="ZH-CN">是一般的称呼。就是老师家长和学生面对面坐在一起讨论学习计划未来的一件必经之事,而且至少一个学年要两次。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">这里分享的方法是犹他,</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">Davis<span lang="ZH-CN">学区西班牙文沉浸式小学分享出来的做法。我们的学校一直以来就是沿用此法,效果不错。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">如果你的学校有不同的做法,记得要尊重,每个学校的考量不同所以还是以校方的做法为主,可是我这里提供的建议可以当辅助。</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">因为至少要做</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">56<span lang="ZH-CN">个会谈,所以一个家庭只有</span>15<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟的时间。</span>5<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟让我做中文及数学的测验,然后学生离场,剩下</span>10<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟让我和英文老师分别报告各种成绩和学习状态,并让家长提问。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">做什么样的中文和数学测验?我们第一次的家长会是在学生上</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">38<span lang="ZH-CN">天课以后开始,许多成绩尚未评估出来,所以我很开心可以利用这个评估的机会,面对面,把</span>39<span lang="ZH-CN">天以来学习的东西,踢出重点,写出</span>8<span lang="ZH-CN">道中英题目。问学生的同时,让家长了解我在问什么,看图例。这些问题会搭配另一张打好字的纸张来让学生找出正确的词句。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTEgtsO7xEotyL7j3Hf8gNU6TD7HYsnoT2qcarrsUS9KkGGAciXz80Msuc308GRNgSt_hSAlK4fWj6W4hreAeFkhMzJ3Touq9TCzQcGYcl8v4qiy5QBGZgLklr8Sh_zVXxFimRXCC4_e5q/s1600/Screen+Shot+2014-10-14+at+10.36.59+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTEgtsO7xEotyL7j3Hf8gNU6TD7HYsnoT2qcarrsUS9KkGGAciXz80Msuc308GRNgSt_hSAlK4fWj6W4hreAeFkhMzJ3Touq9TCzQcGYcl8v4qiy5QBGZgLklr8Sh_zVXxFimRXCC4_e5q/s1600/Screen+Shot+2014-10-14+at+10.36.59+PM.png" height="126" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">每个年级都应找出自己上课时的重点,然后问题可以随着年级加深。而第一次和第二次的会谈题目也会不同,我的第二次会谈就会加上手写的部分。中高年级的老师可以先试试简单笔画的字,然后下一次的会谈可以写句子。读短文叙述内容也是一个验收成果的好办法。</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">问完问题,我把学生的成绩抄在自己的名单上,然后给家长带回家,而学生的成绩则成为我做工作站时分组的一个好依据。</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">学生离开会谈的地方到走廊看书,我们会准备椅子和书籍给学生,所以等候时不至于太无聊。</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">如何和家长应对非常重要,这个会谈是要庆祝学生的成功,让家长明白学习进度,不是抱怨学生行为或学习的时间。因为如果有问题,平时就该提出来,而不是等到家长会才说出来。</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">可是,多说正面的话不代表学生不学习或不乖的事情就不能说,口气用语态度是成功的关键。以我提出的问题为例,评分标准只有三个,一个是</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">C<span lang="ZH-CN">=</span>can,<span lang="ZH-CN">我做得到。</span>CW<span lang="ZH-CN">=</span> can do with help, <span lang="ZH-CN">老师提示一下就记起来了。</span>G<span lang="ZH-CN">=</span>goal<span lang="ZH-CN">,这将会是我们的学习目标。不会就加强练习,不用说不好,不优秀,不懂这类的话,家长懂得弦外之意的。
</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">学生学得好,赞美的地方也是要具体一些, </span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">“He/she is a
good leader, a good listener, a good friend, a wonderful helper<span lang="ZH-CN">,</span>a good reader, ….”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“He/she
loves to help, loves to learn, can focus, have good hand writing, always have a
smile, and knows how to follow rules…” “Let’s celebrate his/her success. Please
give your child a big hug. Let them know that teachers are really proud of them.
We are so happy to have him/her. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“ <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">学生课业上的表现不好,可以说“</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">We need to work on …or
work harder on listening, paying attention, being a good friend, or hand
writing. <span lang="ZH-CN">说出来以后,最好要有应对的方法,如何改进以后的学习。比如说一个学生数学不好,我请家长让我跟学生在下课时留在教室密集复习</span>3<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟后再下课。比如学生的字写的不好,我只强调希望家长帮忙锻炼小肌肉,握笔好了,才有办法写字。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';">很重要的一点,谢谢家长配合你,谢谢家长的用心,这点一定要提。因为,事实上没有家长的扶持,老师的工作会更辛苦。</span><span style="font-family: 'Kaiti SC Regular';"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-15729902947535495732014-10-03T18:56:00.002-06:002015-02-22T13:04:31.876-07:00More details in Centers- 工作站二试试看<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.msmartychen.com/2014/10/more-details-in-centers.html" target="_blank">第一篇</a>提的考虑事项设想以后,就可以着手试试看。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">请特别注意,千万不要焦急试验的太早,学生一定要在熟悉课堂常规以后才可以动手,所有的学生都一样,尤其是低年级的学生。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">我以数字概念做例子,我想让一年级的孩子能更熟练的用中文说数字,我打算让学生掷骰子,说出数字,然后把数字写在白板上。我先在全体教学时做示范,两组学生上来前面演练,全班都懂了以后,让全班一起练习。我会提醒音量,过大时的措施,这些都非常重要,必须练习。之后用骰子做加法时,也是同样的步骤,而学生可以很快上手,因为基本手动的规矩一样。这件事情,我花了整个数学课和语文课的时间来完成。这种时间的投资不但重要,也是必要。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">相同的活动可以晋级,做加减,可以两个人一起做,中高年级可以用不同的骰子(有市售大数字的骰子,也可以试试自己做低成本1-6及3-8的骰子,最好是影印在厚一些的纸上。),找位值,做乘除。</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR2HwheY1q_5HMb1msI0e3SFlBwaiphOKa9MtXfrmmIw4PBgDTctFxPke3XvSk12f7-7_nI36uFmpDbiswnmP7MnYJ9MB-TWZaYla4AKPYkIQOG2MgEefuHVOwm_4EFIUuRUdYKWVXo2h3/s1600/Screen+Shot+2014-10-03+at+6.24.59+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR2HwheY1q_5HMb1msI0e3SFlBwaiphOKa9MtXfrmmIw4PBgDTctFxPke3XvSk12f7-7_nI36uFmpDbiswnmP7MnYJ9MB-TWZaYla4AKPYkIQOG2MgEefuHVOwm_4EFIUuRUdYKWVXo2h3/s1600/Screen+Shot+2014-10-03+at+6.24.59+PM.png" height="246" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"> 上面的学生可以很快的做加法,我不会规定她一定要画图。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoxYqfpgsXL6-J3-uAzLkY-cNXWjStXydmXow9R3xPTG_Uio78S018V7Z7VzPgWfiT8hMRjI6pqjrbvUAplcqHy-oDG_YJp5Gw4mF8z-0qnNpQDlflRQZakl0Mi2B_COCuad0ej5yKPRVf/s1600/Screen+Shot+2014-10-03+at+6.25.15+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoxYqfpgsXL6-J3-uAzLkY-cNXWjStXydmXow9R3xPTG_Uio78S018V7Z7VzPgWfiT8hMRjI6pqjrbvUAplcqHy-oDG_YJp5Gw4mF8z-0qnNpQDlflRQZakl0Mi2B_COCuad0ej5yKPRVf/s1600/Screen+Shot+2014-10-03+at+6.25.15+PM.png" height="258" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">这个学生尚无信心,她可以画点数来做加法。工作站就是给学生适性发展。鼓励他们思考帮助自己了解。</span></div>
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接下来,我打算让认数字变有趣一些,我加上涂色。掷到一个数字就把有该数字的图涂上颜色,中高年级的挑战可以先读颜色再涂正确的颜色,或是做乘除。为了节省纸张,这个练习我用白板示范,可是加上语言的引导,学生懂得做联想,知道要做什么。</div>
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我再示范了一个工作站的活动,加了竞赛和语文的元素。我让学生用十方格和小东西来比赛,看谁先完成10个,我示范必要的语言“换我,换你,我赢了,再一次。” 前几次没有完全做到没关系,罗马不是一天造成,学生很快就会让你吃惊。</div>
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我放了一个中国买的地板游戏,学生要听音辨出数字。原本是要用脚踩,可是我担心这样一年就坏了,我规定只能用手按,这个游戏我已经用了第三年,看起来还是很好。</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ8yLaGACPJCxvIh2Z5XUC4a5nST2TjI5bi_U30LcbrvKxxQD2sQgIf6A3lI1XH-MoRqYC5KkxqZ9uuPLRZhhSfmLgCZ03WLyjZgqYG4rjKwm_nZSDVwcj_7n2YbDH6WjuPgZkoKkhkMa3/s1600/Screen+Shot+2014-10-03+at+6.25.47+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ8yLaGACPJCxvIh2Z5XUC4a5nST2TjI5bi_U30LcbrvKxxQD2sQgIf6A3lI1XH-MoRqYC5KkxqZ9uuPLRZhhSfmLgCZ03WLyjZgqYG4rjKwm_nZSDVwcj_7n2YbDH6WjuPgZkoKkhkMa3/s1600/Screen+Shot+2014-10-03+at+6.25.47+PM.png" height="264" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">图有点小。抱歉。</span></div>
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因为学生还不是很懂这个工作站怎么运作,所以我还没加入老师的小组教学。四个小组轮流经过四个工作站。要提醒学生时间,“剩下5分钟,剩下3 分钟,剩下1分钟,剩下20秒一起倒数。”接着喊出整理的口号,如果有整理的歌也可以在这时唱,提醒学生每一项东西是否放好了,让全班暂停,检查每一个工作站, 检查好了才换工作站,如果有学生的各组名单,可以用清楚的图表来示意。可以上网去查 classroom center chart, 找到不同的点子。</div>
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每一个工作站大概是12分钟左右,要加上转换的时间。</div>
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如第一篇指出,可以有4个以上的工作站,如果有5 或6个工作张,会不会太复杂?只要有清楚的图示,学生会知道下一个工作站要做什么,当然重点就是常规,常规,常规,课堂常规要先切实执行!</div>
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开始时,我会在每一个工作站后鼓励良好的表现,给每一个人奖励。惩罚则是没有分数,工作站开始以前,我会画三条线在白板上,太吵,没有按照规矩时,我会按铃警告,并擦掉一分。工作站结束后如果还有剩下的分数,每个人都可以得到。连坐法的处分让学生彼此提醒。我也会规定老师的小组不可以被打扰,做完的小朋友该做什么要先说清楚。下图的学生知道做完要看绿色盒子的书,他也聪明的告诉其他小朋友把完成作品放哪里,然后哪里拿书来看。</div>
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希望这样的讲解有帮助。有问题,请留言或写email给我。</div>
</span>Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-26064044540795255542014-10-02T23:49:00.001-06:002015-02-22T13:04:31.881-07:00More details in Centers-工作站 -要考虑的<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">为什么做工作站?有些人可能对Centers有不同的称呼,英文课堂里也有不同名称,可是目的是一样的。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">往往学生的程度不同,学习的速度不一,为了可以更有效的接触到更多的学生,帮助不一样的学生学习,老师需要时间来辅导小组的学生,工作站因而产生。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">学习目标不同时,分组方式也不定。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">如果是社会学科的实验或美术课程,学生的程度可以互补。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">如果是为了学科目标,每一组学生的能力必须相当,否则和全体上课一样,少数了解,部分的小朋友又被遗忘了。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">今天就是以学科目标当出发点的工作站经验分享。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">正式开始以前,教室的动线先设计清楚。什么样的活动要在什么角落都要先考虑,安全和方便都是考量范围。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">通常工作站都是3到6个左右,可是学生人数也是决定几个工作站的关键,如果学生人数太多,那就失去了小组学习的意义。一个组的成员应该不超过8个人,6个人是理想的数字,不过常常是事与愿违,不超过8个人的小组人数才方便老师做重点的复习。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">工作站的种类比较容易决定,因为要和学习配合,要加强数学,就增加数学的项目,要增强语文,就加入语文元素,然后留其中一个工作站是给老师做小组学习的。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">可以参考的工作项目:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>数学游戏</b>:这个项目有无限可能,也可以同时有两组进行。根据目标来决定什么样的游戏,游戏不必太复杂,最好可以代换元素让学生好操作。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>中文游戏</b>:重组句子,在教室找中文字,让中文生活化,游戏化。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>中文日记</b>:低年级学生可以用简短句子和画图来表达,中高年级的学生可以给主题和主要词句做引导。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>应景的美劳工艺</b>:最好事先安排,工作站可能一天只能循环一次,全体学生都做到可能需要整个星期或更久,所以要更早计划好。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>问答和访问练习</b>:给学生问卷,让他们彼此访问。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>有声书</b>:设备需先准备好。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>桌上或地板游戏</b>:拼图,七巧板。。。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>电子类的工具</b>:iPOD, iPad,电脑。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>其他静态的学习单甚至测验</b>,这个项目也是因材施教的好机会,不同的组别可以给不同的学习单来挑战学生或帮助学生了解基本概念。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>老师的小组</b>:则是要做不同的应变,面对不同的学生有不同的准备,有时候是已经学会需要挑战的学生,有时是需要加强基础的学生。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">工作站不一定要天天花很多时间来做,而且在课堂常规习好之前也不要尝试,不然学生的坏习惯养成会花更多时间来弥补。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">一个工作站大概只需15分钟的时间,高年级的时间可以稍长。学生可以一天只体验一个站,或是两个站,完全看自己的课程时间安排。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-4230081563928382322014-09-15T22:18:00.002-06:002015-02-22T13:05:48.865-07:00对话二-课堂秩序问题.<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">对话二 纪律问题</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">老师提问:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">一个班的学生纪律不大好,上课吵吵闹闹。试图维持过,</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"></wbr><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">但是过不了多久就又开始。</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">不知道您有什么好的办法吗?</span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white;">一起脑力激荡的建议:</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">有几个问题先请问你,希望我们可以一起在这些问题里找到答案。<wbr></wbr>千万不要沮丧啊。有波折才有趣,这些都会成为学习上的经验。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">比较吵闹的班是哪一个班? (<span style="color: blue;">你们多久换上课的先后?比如A班上中文先,B班上英文先。<wbr></wbr>何时会换成A班先上英文,B班先上中文。<wbr></wbr>下午的学习效果和精神都比较差,所有如果很久才换一次,<wbr></wbr>学生容易疲累,上不好课就造反。<wbr></wbr>下午或是学生上课情绪不高的時候可以安排一些活動讓學生集中精神<wbr></wbr>,拉拉筋,念唐诗,打打拳-打拳还可以顺便当节目表演, 做瑜伽,静坐几分钟,就听音乐。当然这当中,<wbr></wbr>你得不断称赞指出合作的孩子们.)</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">是在什么时间或上什么课时吵闹? (<span style="color: blue;">有没有让学生的学习活动多元一些,不是只是坐着听讲。<wbr></wbr>他们彼此练习讲话的机会多不多,他们帮助彼此的机会多不多,<wbr></wbr>他们有没有按着程度分组做不同的练习,<wbr></wbr>有时学生吵闹是因为听不懂,有时则是因为太简单,“因材施教”<wbr></wbr>可能就是防范的方法之一,参考<a href="http://www.msmartychen.com/2014/08/little-bit-about-stationcenter.html%EF%BC%89">http://www.<wbr></wbr>msmartychen.com/2014/08/<wbr></wbr>little-bit-about-<wbr></wbr>stationcenter.html)</a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">吵闹的人是谁?<span style="color: blue;">(座位的安排是否要改变?课程的难易是否要增减?<wbr></wbr>有没有和搭档老师沟通过?有时候可以问问去年的老师,<wbr></wbr>他们是用什么方法来处理这些孩子的问题。如果和老师们沟通过,<wbr></wbr>发现需要和家长沟通时,最好搜集学生的言行-时间,地点,行为,<wbr></wbr>你的处理,和学生的反应,<wbr></wbr>这些都可以帮所有人来清楚看到应该从什么方向来帮这些孩子。<wbr></wbr>你的教室有没有什么奖惩制度?和搭档老师一致吗,<wbr></wbr>有没有切实执行很重要。)</span></span></div>
Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-45815338441010859822014-08-28T16:32:00.001-06:002014-08-28T16:32:21.449-06:002014 GT 观摩的反馈<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: SimSun;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">下面是一位新的GT的观摩反馈,我提出来的重点是想再重申“procedures”课堂常规的重要性。常规在,小朋友的学习就是由内而发,老师可以省力很多。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: SimSun;"><span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">每年教书都在发现可以改进的地方,一起努力!</span></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">首先,从教室布置来说,第一,在</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Marty</span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">老师的教师你找不到任<wbr></wbr>何一个英文,并且在门口贴上警示牌,<wbr></wbr>告诉大家过了这个门任何人不许讲英文,真正的做到了沉浸式汉语。<wbr></wbr>第二,</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Marty</span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">老师的教室布置没有一处是多余的,<wbr></wbr>没有一处是因为装饰而进行的装饰。<wbr></wbr>她主要是把自己接下来一年要讲地内容按照层次贴在教师的角角落落<wbr></wbr>;把所有的日常用品用中文标示出来,这既方便自己教学,<wbr></wbr>而且也方便学生认读生活中常用的汉字,减少了以后在教学过程中,<wbr></wbr>学生遇到不会的东西用英文讲得可能性。</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"></span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">其次,从教学方法来说,第一,</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Marty</span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">老师为了避免用英文讲课<wbr></wbr>堂规则,做到全中文沉浸式,她和她的搭档商量好一致的课堂规则,<wbr></wbr>然后请她的搭档用英文来告诉孩子们,<wbr></wbr>这样就完全避免了在中文沉浸式的课堂讲英文,<wbr></wbr>而且孩子们还了解了她们该遵守的规则。第二,</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Marty</span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">老师的教<wbr></wbr>学</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">procedure</span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">非常清晰明确,<wbr></wbr>她的做法是把从星期一到星期五每天几点到几点的活动内容做成大的<wbr></wbr>图片张贴出来,这样不仅使自己在教学的过程中明确教学内容,<wbr></wbr>更重要的是让学生知道老师的教学流程,<wbr></wbr>时间长了他们就会知道自己什么时候该做什么事儿,养成习惯。<wbr></wbr>所以,</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Marty</span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">老师的课,条理非常清晰,<wbr></wbr>孩子们在完全不懂汉语的情况下,也不会乱。第三,</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Marty</span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">老师<wbr></wbr>一直告诉我们,<wbr></wbr>在开学第一个星期甚至两三个星期都应该以教孩子们课堂规则和常规<wbr></wbr>为主,不能急于教授新课。这不仅不会影响教学进度,<wbr></wbr>反而一个良好的课堂秩序更会促进中文课的开展。第四,<wbr></wbr>在教育小朋友的时候,要不厌其烦,要不断的重复。比如,</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Mart<wbr></wbr>y</span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">老师在教“眼睛—看、耳朵—听、嘴巴—微笑”的常规指令时,<wbr></wbr>一直在重复,并且贯穿这一天授课的始终。<wbr></wbr>最后孩子们都在愉快的气氛下掌握了指令的含义。</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">再次,重视沟通。要努力和学生沟通,了解学生想法,<wbr></wbr>关心爱护他们,得到孩子们的信任;还要和学校校长、<wbr></wbr>同事进行有效的沟通,建立良好的人际关系,互相支持鼓励;<wbr></wbr>还要和学生家长建立积极的沟通,理解家长的心情,<wbr></wbr>得到他们的支持。</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;">很抱歉,因为时间仓促,能力有限,<wbr></wbr>我不能把我所看到的全部用文字表现出来。最后我想说,</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Marty</span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.466665267944336px;"><wbr></wbr>老师真的是一位特别亲切、教学经验丰富的好导师。<wbr></wbr>能有幸去听她的课,我很感恩。<wbr></wbr>这一路来有那么多的老师在我们左右陪伴我们,指导我们,<wbr></wbr>我们真的没有理由不努力、不认真、不把中文沉浸式项目做好。<wbr></wbr>虽然刚到美国我们都遇到了这样或那样的生活困境,<wbr></wbr>但是我相信只要我们坚定信念,再大的困难也会迎刃而解的。</span></div>
Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-76029266055465965582014-08-28T16:27:00.000-06:002014-08-28T16:29:09.238-06:002014 GT 对话一这位老师觉得班上纪律不好,这是二年级的班。小朋友按正常情况,应该是已经只说中文,不管实际执行仍有困难。<br />
以下是我的回答:<br />
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我可以感受到你的焦虑,<wbr></wbr>可是我更想说的是谢谢你真心关爱这些孩子,<wbr></wbr>你从大老远的东方飞来到这里跟这群小娃儿朝夕相处,有缘!<wbr></wbr>而你的孩子们有幸被你教到。我很开心你和我讨论,<wbr></wbr>我们一起找出方法。你的问题很好,<wbr></wbr>其他老师可能也会有一样的问题,你介意我把对话和大家分享吗?<wbr></wbr>得到你同意之前,我先不做这个动作。</div>
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如果是和其他人讲述教室情况时,记得不要说出学生名字,<wbr></wbr>叙述情况即可,这是保护你自己的措施。</div>
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第一点:很开心看到一个用心思考计划的老师。<wbr></wbr>不过我要跟你分享我从其他老师身上学来的经验,<wbr></wbr>尽量把教室的情况和规矩都朝正面的方向走。例子:“请你慢慢走”<wbr></wbr>,而不是说“请不要跑”;“请小声”而不是“不要讲话”;“<wbr></wbr>请做好朋友“而不是”请不要推/打人“;”请你说中文“而不是”<wbr></wbr>不要说英文“。他们生长在美国,说英文是正常的,<wbr></wbr>我跟搭档老师取得共识,跟学生沟通清楚,一个教室用英文学习,<wbr></wbr>一个教室用中文学习,这就是游戏规则。</div>
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第二点:我和其他老师说的,<wbr></wbr>也要和你分享我实习时期老师告诉我的话,“<wbr></wbr>每天进教室要期待正面开心的一天。<wbr></wbr>每天进教室要觉得学生和自己又要有快乐丰富的一天。” 小孩,如你所体会的很敏感。遭遇不好的小孩如果不敏感,<wbr></wbr>身边的事情对自己是不会有影响。你的态度也会影响学生的态度。</div>
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第三点:身世可怜的孩子的确是可怜,<wbr></wbr>可是她也可以遇到一个不管她出身背景的老师,今天你注意到了,<wbr></wbr>你了解她行为背后的原因,我觉得她的运气好转了。<wbr></wbr>碰到好老师关心自己,她也会感受到,眼神,语气,态度,<wbr></wbr>都可以慢慢让她了解你在关心她。另一个重点是,<wbr></wbr>学校的辅导老师有没有被告知,<wbr></wbr>有些心理上协商的事情是要专业的老师来排解。如果可以,<wbr></wbr>你和你的搭档老师可以2对一的跟她谈,<wbr></wbr>搭档老师讲你和她商量后的话(我们会帮你,我们爱你,<wbr></wbr>我们在乎你,我们希望你更好。。。)你只要在一旁点头微笑赞同。</div>
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第四点:在课堂上,如果她拿到尖锐的东西要吸引人注意时,<wbr></wbr>我的做法可能是会故意说“谢谢你帮我把这个捡起来,<wbr></wbr>你很爱你的小朋友,不要他们受伤,太好了。谢谢你帮我。”<wbr></wbr>转移注意力,把一个容器放在桌子,告诉她只要发现尖锐的东西,<wbr></wbr>都帮你收在这里。又是用正面引导负面的做法。</div>
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第五点:乱说话的小孩也是要吸引人注意。可是影响班上秩序,<wbr></wbr>我也会和搭档老师商量然后跟他2对一的谈,<wbr></wbr>没有效果再找父母和校长谈。行为的合约(behavioral contract)可以执行。</div>
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第六点:下课留堂处分是给你和搭档老师机会和这小孩沟通几分钟,<wbr></wbr>如果真的整个下课都留下来,你也没有时间休息,<wbr></wbr>小孩精力更无处发泄。</div>
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很多将来学习的基础是靠这几个星期的磨合和训练,<wbr></wbr>代课老师的影响有限,你才是真的主人,真的如来佛,<wbr></wbr>可以掌控这些齐天大圣!</div>
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请放轻松,记得深呼吸。你,可以做到的。</div>
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加油。</div>
Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-23516555942126562402014-08-19T22:40:00.003-06:002015-02-22T13:04:31.879-07:00简单说工作站 A little bit about Station/Center<div style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="ZH-CN">工作站:</span><span lang="ZH-CN">多元的设计,让学生每个人都有机会参与学习。</span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="ZH-CN"> 小组的设计,所以学生不会被遗忘。</span><span lang="ZH-CN">小组的设计,老师可以针对小组的需要加强辅导。</span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="ZH-CN"> 自己动手,自己管理,学生的荣誉心强。</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="ZH-CN"> 当然执行工作站之前有大前提,那就是课堂常规已经奠定。老师一说话,学生就知道要做什么,一放手就知道规矩方圆在哪里。另外就是,每个工作站都应该有清楚的学习目标,而且老师示范,学生示范,然后才成为一个站供其他学生练习。(</span>I do, we do, you do.) <span lang="ZH-CN">一旦熟练的工作站,可以把内容汰换应付不同学科目标,程序不变。</span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="ZH-CN"> 做个简单的例子:(请自行依照年级增减难易度。)</span></span></span><br />
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span lang="ZH-CN">假</span><span lang="ZH-CN">设</span><span lang="ZH-CN">一班有</span>30<span lang="ZH-CN">个人,把这班分成五个组,一组里有</span>6<span lang="ZH-CN">到</span>8<span lang="ZH-CN">人是还可以执行的数目。当然</span>6<span lang="ZH-CN">个人会好过</span>8<span lang="ZH-CN">个人,可是如果时间不够让五个组尝试,也是可以改变。</span></span></li>
</ul>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span lang="ZH-CN">墙</span><span lang="ZH-CN">上清楚标示这五组的名字和组别名称或号码。</span>· <span lang="ZH-CN">说明这个星期(或今天)五个工作站的学习和地点。反复几次,问学生“这个工作站要做什么?要怎么做?做完要做什么?”</span></span></li>
</ul>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span lang="ZH-CN">一:听有声书。二:访问班上小朋友。三:数学游戏。四:数学练习。五:老师的桌子。(简单举出的例子,您的点子一定比我的要更好。)</span></span></li>
</ul>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large; text-indent: -0.25in;"> <span lang="ZH-CN">每一个站</span>10<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟。可以把五个站名写出来,用吸铁石吸在五个组的旁边。</span>10<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟一到,整个换。比如有红,橙,黄,绿,蓝五组。第一轮开始时,红组有</span>1<span lang="ZH-CN">,代表有声书。橙有</span>2<span lang="ZH-CN">号,代表去走动访问记录。黄有</span>3<span lang="ZH-CN">号,代表去玩游戏。绿有</span>4<span lang="ZH-CN">号,代表去写数学练习。蓝有</span>5<span lang="ZH-CN">号,代表去和老师做小组辅导。下一轮,红-</span>2<span lang="ZH-CN">,橙</span>-3<span lang="ZH-CN">,黄</span>-4<span lang="ZH-CN">,绿</span>-5<span lang="ZH-CN">,蓝</span>-1<span lang="ZH-CN">。再到下一轮,红-</span>3<span lang="ZH-CN">,橙</span>-4<span lang="ZH-CN">,黄</span>-5<span lang="ZH-CN">,绿</span>-1<span lang="ZH-CN">,蓝</span>-2<span lang="ZH-CN">。依此类推。</span></span></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span lang="ZH-CN"> 工作站内容可以全部是数学,也可以混杂其他学科。时间可能</span></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">10<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟到</span>20<span lang="ZH-CN">分钟。可能一天做完,也可能一个星期或更长做完。完全看学习的需要。</span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<ul><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUseqW0ykX3LYeQ4mpwQLsCEUmjwhBvynaAsFpn3ERGRajr8fWglavu7CegurYT1Mfby_XnqxV3rsOYp4FkyzTHpz80Hx9xMr7hPNWyV019Lf7DkeCfxbp-Y_-OnMTCTrCSwrsSXajktP_/s1600/Screen+Shot+2014-08-19+at+10.46.22+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUseqW0ykX3LYeQ4mpwQLsCEUmjwhBvynaAsFpn3ERGRajr8fWglavu7CegurYT1Mfby_XnqxV3rsOYp4FkyzTHpz80Hx9xMr7hPNWyV019Lf7DkeCfxbp-Y_-OnMTCTrCSwrsSXajktP_/s1600/Screen+Shot+2014-08-19+at+10.46.22+PM.png" height="219" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">这是一个学生访问学生的例子。学生必须走谝教室,寻访每个人(全班28人,每个人都要问四个问题),然后把答案写在受访者的号码下面。不用一天完成,只要完成交给老师即可。</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: large;"> 内容可以配合自己上课的需要。重点就是学生一定要训练完才做这个动作,不然很累。另外就是一年级一定要晚一点才尝试。中高年级要熟悉了才放手。</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: large;">每个工作站的学习目标,学生行为和老师期待都需要事先沟通好。</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span></span></span></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 24pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></li>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;">The truth is, classroom
teachers never have enough time to teach everything. Especially the 50/50 model
Immersion teachers. 50/50 doesn’t mean using the target language in the Immersion
classroom. It means students spend half of the day in English and the other
half in the target language class.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To
teach and to review in half of the regular teaching time is hard. All the
Immersion teachers will agree on this.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;">To make the matter worse, the
children often have a harder time focusing and learning in the afternoon
(including adults). As teachers, we also feel tired in the afternoon, which is
not fair to the students. In the fifth year of teaching, my partner teacher and
I finally made a change that hopefully can reduce some struggles. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;">A previous partner teacher,
who now has retired, and I used to switch the classes every month. We still
could see the struggle but were too overwhelmed to come up with a solution. This
year’s new partner teacher and I decided to switch every two weeks.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Then eventually we switched every week. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;">We both like the change very
much and feel the change has helped most of the students.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Teachers have asked if it was too much
trouble for the kids; the answer is no. The students basically remember it
better than the teachers do. They know where to go in the morning. A few
children forgot, but the others will remind them where to go. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;">The benefits of switching
weekly are many. Due to the busy schedule and extra curricula classes such as
library, computer, PE, music or art through out the week, students normally
will miss some target language and English instruction time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By switching every week, the students can
miss the instruction equally in the afternoon or in the morning instead of the
same students missing it all the time. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;">Sometimes there will be
volunteers or aides who come in to assist.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Often their schedule is limited and they can only be there at certain
times.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the classes switch only once a
month or even longer, one of the classes will miss this extra help for as long
as it takes to switch.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;">The afternoon is harder for
students to learn and for teachers to teach. Too exhausted students trapped in
the same time for a month or longer, it is not fair. Both English learning and
target language learning suffer in the afternoon. By switching classes weekly,
the students can get instructions equally. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;">I have learned that some Immersion
schools never switch morning and afternoon classes. Some switch once a year and
some switch every quarter. However, every teacher who talks about this all has
the same complaint: “afternoon class is so hard to teach.” Then they will add
that schools won’t allow them to switch classes often enough. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;">I believe if everyone looks
at the benefit to the students, and the help it provides teachers, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>classes will be switched more often. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;">Marty Chen</span></div>
Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-69400079363742829472013-10-20T08:38:00.002-06:002015-02-22T13:12:56.121-07:00Don't be afraid of changes
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">Don’t be afraid of changes</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">So
</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">the seating arrangement doesn’t work? Change
it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Use actions and simple words to let
students understand what you want. Demonstrate it first; of course, and then
show them what your intension is.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Physically help them move so they understand. Always say thank you when
they listen. When students are not listening during whole group instruction
time, change their carpet seating arrangement right away. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">座位安排有问题?马上换。用简单的词汇和动作来让学生了解你的意思。示范一下动作,让他们知道你要他们跟着做什么。实际上帮他们搬移座位上的东西也可以让他们了解。记得说谢谢。如果学生在地毯讲课区吵闹说话,马上换。让他们知道每一个行为都会有特定的结果。</span><span style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">Take lining up as an example. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Give clear directions. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Count to three; a quiet line should form.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If it doesn’t happen the first time, ask the students
to come back and do it again.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Keep doing
it until a quiet line is formed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There
will be students who are obedient and know how to be quiet. Walk up to them and
say “thank you for being quiet.” Ask the whole class to go back and form the
line again. Pretty soon, the children will understand that you are expecting a
quiet line and nothing else. They will start reminding each other so they don’t
have to repeat this action too many times. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">拿排队做例子。清楚说明要学生安静迅速的排队,数到</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">3
</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">然后看这队伍是否安静。不安静?回去再排一次,再一次,再一次,直到队伍安静为止。不用大声说话,只要轻声跟听话的学生道谢,然后要全部的学生继续努力排队。很快的,学生就会知道并提醒彼此安静排队,免得要再多跑几次。</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">Good
learning habits need to be created and practiced so a teacher’s can be effective.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When fostering good habits, don’t worry about
spending time on it because language will be reinforced and behavior will be molded.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Henceforth, teaching will happen. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">好的学</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">习习惯</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">需要被</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">创</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">造也需要持续</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">练习,如此老师的教导才会有效果。养成好的 学习习惯时,不要在乎花费的时间因为语言也会被学习到,好习惯养成后,教书的工作才可以真正开始。</span><span style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"></span></div>
Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2716608774997765687.post-55879085820661918092013-10-20T08:37:00.001-06:002015-02-22T13:12:56.116-07:00Teachable moment
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">Teachable moment</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">Any
moment is </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">a </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">teachable moment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>When a teacher only has three hours or less a day to teach all subjects,
it is a challenge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, any tiny moment
can’t be wasted. When choosing lunch, math can be added to the counting.
Gradually, a comparison can be made.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">Do students yell out things
in English? Instead of telling them not to use English, just repeat it in
Chinese and put it in a sentence.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
language comes from the students, </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">and it’s in a context they can understand. </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They will remember
it</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"> better</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">I often make</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">
a crazy laugh </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">to</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;"> the kids</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"> during early October and expect them to </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">scream “Witch!”</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"> at me</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“How perfect” I </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">will tell</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;"> myself,</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"> and </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">I </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">will </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">point</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"> </span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">at myself and ke</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">ep</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;"> repeat</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">ing</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;"> “</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: "MS 明朝","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">巫婆</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now, they learn a word that is useful during
Halloween but has never appeared in the textbook. The best part is that they
won’t forget about it due to the context and the way they acquired this new vocabulary.
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">任何时候都是教学的时刻。当一个老师只有</span><span style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">3<span lang="ZH-CN">个或不到</span>3<span lang="ZH-CN">个小时来教所有学科,是个极大的挑战,一分一秒都不能浪费掉。</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">选午餐,数数可以加进来,等学生熟练数字后,可以趁此机会来比较多少和多几个,少几个。</span><span style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">学生大声喊出英文,无须浪费时间来纠正,顺势把中文词汇丢给他们,这是学生自己提供的语文,用在情境上,他们比较不会忘记这个词也不会忘记用法。</span><span style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">十月初,我会故意对学生奸笑,他们往往会喊出“</span><span style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">witch<span lang="ZH-CN">”,正合我意,我总是指着自己反复再说几次“巫婆”,要他们跟着说“陈老师是巫婆”</span>.<span lang="ZH-CN">一个万圣节有用的词汇就简单学会了。</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">Once, several students talked about one student
being a “smarty-pants”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How exciting! I
asked the student to come to the front. I asked him questions, and then expect
his “smart” pants to answer me after putting the microphone to his pants. Of
course, there was no sound from his pants. I asked him the same questions, and
he could answer everything. I turned to the students and asked in Chinese “who
is smart, he or the pants?” Everyone laughed and learned to say, “pants are not
smart,” “he is smart” in Chinese. Of course, there will be students trying to
answer for the pants.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ignore this
naughty behavior and reward positive behavior and let the students know your
expectations.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">一次,几个学生形容另一个学生是个 </span><span style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">“smarty-pants”<span lang="ZH-CN">。机不可失,我请这学生站到前方</span>, <span lang="ZH-CN">把麦克风放到学生膝盖附近问了几个简单的问题,当然裤子不会回答,我问学生同样的
问题,这个学生回答了每个问题,接着我问所有学生,是裤子聪明还是他聪明,笑得开怀的学生大声回答“他很聪明,裤子不聪明。”当然会有几个调皮的学生想替裤子回答,故意忽略,然后表扬听话认真的小孩就可以让学生知道老师的态度和期许。</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">When something drops,
say it out loud.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When thinking of
something, say it out loud. When you can’t find something, say it out
loud.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When you find something, say it
out loud.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">When the students
match your actions with words, everything makes sense to them and they have a
better chance to remember the words.</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">东西掉了,大声的说出来</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"> </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“啊,掉下去了。</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">”</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在想事情的时候,也说出来</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">
</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">“</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我想。。。。</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">”
</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">找不到东西时,也说出来,“我的东西在哪里?”找到了,也大声说找到了或是在这里,学生自然可以从你的行为和言辞找到连贯,由此知道也学会一些课本上不容易教到的词汇。</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">Students need social language; they need to hear it
in daily life and in the most natural setting in order to remember and reuse
the language.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, when to teach these
social languages? Any moment is a teachable moment. Students are learning all
the time. Look for these teachable moments.</span></div>
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<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 华文楷体; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">学生需要知道生活上的用语,他们从自然的环境,生活周遭听到这些语文时是最容易记住的。何时教才对?任何时候都可以教,学生无时不刻都在学习。善用这些时刻。</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 华文楷体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"></span></div>
Ms Chenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04416759189868499631noreply@blogger.com0